. A general system of botany, descriptive and analytical. In two parts. Part I. Outlines of organography, anatomy, and physiology. Part II. Descriptions and illustrations of the orders. By Emm. Le Maout [and] J. Decaisne. With 5500 figures by L. Steinheil and A. Riocreux. Translated from the original by Mrs. Hooker. The orders arranged after the method followed in the universities and schools of Great Britain, its colonies, America, and India; with additions, an appendix on the natural method, and a synopsis of the orders, by Hooker. Botany. formed of two curbed cells whose concavities fa
. A general system of botany, descriptive and analytical. In two parts. Part I. Outlines of organography, anatomy, and physiology. Part II. Descriptions and illustrations of the orders. By Emm. Le Maout [and] J. Decaisne. With 5500 figures by L. Steinheil and A. Riocreux. Translated from the original by Mrs. Hooker. The orders arranged after the method followed in the universities and schools of Great Britain, its colonies, America, and India; with additions, an appendix on the natural method, and a synopsis of the orders, by Hooker. Botany. formed of two curbed cells whose concavities face each other. These two small lip- like cells are termed stomata. Stomata, though epidermal organs, differ from the epidermis in that their cells are much smaller, and nearly always situated below those of the epidermis ; they farther present different contents, and especially granules of chloroph3dl; whence they may be regarded as intermediate between the epidermis and the subjacent parenchyma. Stomata are variously distributed over the surface of the leaves : usually solitary, often arranged in series, some- times crowded in the base of a cavity (as in some Proteacew, figs. 678, 679). Their number varies: the Iris contains 12,000 in a square inch; the Pinlc, 40,000; the Lilac, 120,000. When moistened, their lips swell and become more curved, and hence gape; when dry, they shorten and close. Stomata always correspond to intercellular passages, and are found on the ordinary leaves of Phsenogams, principally on their lower surface, on stipules, on herbaceous bark, calyces, and ovaries; they are wanting on roots, rhizomes, non- foliaceous petioles, most petals, and seeds; acotyledons, and submerged aquatic plants, which have no epidermis, equally want sbomata. If a fragment of a stem or leaf be macerated, the cellular tissue beneath the epidermis is rapidly destroyed, and the latter divides into two layers, an external epidermis proper, and a very thin membrane (fig. 680), mould
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1870, booksubjectbotany, bookyear1873
