The American annual of photography . ening with advantage. A long exposure is required, but Ihave never experienced any difficulty in giving as long an ex-posure as was required. Exposures will evidently vary in length according to thetime of day or year and the conditions of lighting. Forphotographing a white flower, without a filter, on a summermorning one minute or a little less will usually be sufficient;but with a poorer light a longer time may be desirable. Iffoliage is shown the time should be lengthened a little. Withorange, violet, blue and red colors, when a ray filter is used, itmay
The American annual of photography . ening with advantage. A long exposure is required, but Ihave never experienced any difficulty in giving as long an ex-posure as was required. Exposures will evidently vary in length according to thetime of day or year and the conditions of lighting. Forphotographing a white flower, without a filter, on a summermorning one minute or a little less will usually be sufficient;but with a poorer light a longer time may be desirable. Iffoliage is shown the time should be lengthened a little. Withorange, violet, blue and red colors, when a ray filter is used, itmay be necessary to extend the time to two, four, six, or eventen minutes. The Wratten K3 filter requires an exposure four and one-half times longer than when the lens is unscreened. A rayfilter should always be used with orange, blue and purple hues,indeed, it will not be amiss to use it with any color, as mostflowers are slightly variegated. The K3 filter should be usedonly with panchromatic plates. Err on the side of over- 200 -^V!^. *,Jj~-. Figure 7. exposure. An over-exposed negative will require a longertime for printing, but may often be made to yield a good pic-ture. I have, however, met with little success in attemptingto print from under-exposed negatives of flowers. Directions for developing Wratten Panchromatic Plates areenclosed in each package. With tray development a specialgreen safelight must be provided, but the beginner will do well 201 to restrict himself to tank development, in which case theplates should be placed in the tank in absolute darkness. Theseplates are backed to prevent halation, which is likely to occurin photographing white flowers. It is usually recommended toremove the backing immediately after development; but Iprefer to wait until they have been taken from the fixingbath, when it may be done leisurely and in daylight. If I have given these directions somewhat dogmatically, itis because, I believe, the beginner likes to be told definitelywhat
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