. Bonner zoologische Monographien. Zoology. 80. Pusa hispida Pusa sibirica Phoca vitulina Pusa caspica Phoca largha Erignathus Histriophoca Pagophilus Halichoerus Cystophora Monachus schauinslandi Monachus tropicalis Monachus monachus Leptonychotes Lobodon Hydrurga Mirounga angustirostris Mirounga leonina Odobenus Zalophus Lutra Enhydra Mart es Procyon Urs us Canis : Cladograms resulting from a parsimony analysis of the inversely weighted data matrix with a selected phocid species deleted: (E) Ommatophoca (length = 67,017 steps, CI = , HI = , RI = , RC = ). Unweighte


. Bonner zoologische Monographien. Zoology. 80. Pusa hispida Pusa sibirica Phoca vitulina Pusa caspica Phoca largha Erignathus Histriophoca Pagophilus Halichoerus Cystophora Monachus schauinslandi Monachus tropicalis Monachus monachus Leptonychotes Lobodon Hydrurga Mirounga angustirostris Mirounga leonina Odobenus Zalophus Lutra Enhydra Mart es Procyon Urs us Canis : Cladograms resulting from a parsimony analysis of the inversely weighted data matrix with a selected phocid species deleted: (E) Ommatophoca (length = 67,017 steps, CI = , HI = , RI = , RC = ). Unweighted branch lengths presented as accelerated transformation / delayed transformation. amounted to a basal shift of Histriophoca and Pagophilus within the Phocini (plus Erignathus), so that they became related by symplesiomorphies. However, like the constraint analyses, the removal of any of the three phocines affected only phocine interrelationships. As mentioned, the removal of Phoca largha yielded virtually no changes. In fact, the cladogram obtained () is identical with one of the two equally most parsimonious solutions () with P. largha merely pruned off. The removal of Cystophora caused Erignathus to regain its traditional role as the sister taxon to the remaining phocines (Fig. 15A). The Phocini, however, remain paraphyletic, as Halichoerus now occupies the former position of Erignathus (although compared to the overall solution, this analogous clade is shifted basally with respect to the clade composed of Phoca spp. and Pusa spp.). Histriophoca and Pagophilus likewise move basally with the absence of Erignathus (although they remain as a clade) (), hinting that the supposedly primitive and monachine-like Erignathus is responsible for the more terminal position of this clade, and of the other two genera in particular, in the overall solution. This is also substantiated by the constraint analyses, where disruptions to the structure within the Phocini were


Size: 1670px × 1495px
Photo credit: © Library Book Collection / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No

Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookcollectionbiodiversity, booksubjectzoology