. Iowa, the first free state in the Louisiana purchase : from its discovery to the admission of the state into the Union, 1673-1846. ored man, who was claimed byMontgomery, a citizen of Missouri, as his a written agreement Montgomery had per-mitted Ralph to come to the Dubuque minesto work out the price of his freedom, fivehundred and fifty dollars, which he was to paywith interest from the first day of January,1835. Ralph had worked in the mines, butearned little more than was needed for his ownsupport, and made no payment. In thesecircumstances two kidnappers agreed for onehundred d
. Iowa, the first free state in the Louisiana purchase : from its discovery to the admission of the state into the Union, 1673-1846. ored man, who was claimed byMontgomery, a citizen of Missouri, as his a written agreement Montgomery had per-mitted Ralph to come to the Dubuque minesto work out the price of his freedom, fivehundred and fifty dollars, which he was to paywith interest from the first day of January,1835. Ralph had worked in the mines, butearned little more than was needed for his ownsupport, and made no payment. In thesecircumstances two kidnappers agreed for onehundred dollars to return him to secured his arrest as a fugitive slave, andthe sheriff of Dubuque County delivered him upto be taken down the river. A noble-heartedIrishman, Alexander Butterworth, ploughing inhis field, heard of the arrest. He went imme-diately to the United States judge of the dis-trict, Thomas S. Wilson, for a writ of habeascorpus^ and the case was brought before his suggestion, in view of the importance ofthe case, it was transferred to the SupremeCourt of the Territory, at the July term, James W. Grimes, Governor of Iowa, 1854-1858 THENHW YO^K(PUBLIC LIBRARY Abler, Lenox and TildenFoui yy in the Louisiana Purchase 243 David Rorer, attorney for Ralph, contended thatslavery was prohibited here by the Missouri Com-promise of 1820, and by the Ordinance of 1787,extended over the Territory in 1834, that Ralphwas not a fugitive from service, but here by theconsent and agreement of his former owner, andthat the recent act * to regulate blacks and mulattoescould not apply to one who came here previous tothe existence of the Territory that enacted it. The attorneys for Montgomery insisted thatRalph was a fugitive slave; that the Missouri Com-promise did not take effect without further legisla-tion, was of no binding force, and did not work aforfeiture of slave property. The unanimous opinion of the Court was deliv-ered by Chief Justic
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