American journal of pharmacy . en while hot and wash the residue with hot alcohol, until thefiltrate is nearly colorless. Dissii)ate the alcohol from the residueand introduce the latter into a suitable flask, add 200 c c. of water,16 c c. of hydrochloric acid (specific gravity ri6), attach to a refluxcondenser and boil gently for three hours. Cool the contents ofthe flask, neutralize with sodium carbonate, filter and make up to adefinite volume. In this estimate the reducing sugar by Fehlingssolution, either volumetrically or gravimctrically. The weight ofreducing sugar multipli
American journal of pharmacy . en while hot and wash the residue with hot alcohol, until thefiltrate is nearly colorless. Dissii)ate the alcohol from the residueand introduce the latter into a suitable flask, add 200 c c. of water,16 c c. of hydrochloric acid (specific gravity ri6), attach to a refluxcondenser and boil gently for three hours. Cool the contents ofthe flask, neutralize with sodium carbonate, filter and make up to adefinite volume. In this estimate the reducing sugar by Fehlingssolution, either volumetrically or gravimctrically. The weight ofreducing sugar multiplied by 09 equals the amount of starch con-tained in 10 grammes of opium. 246 Starch and Strontium in Opium. /Am. Jour. Pharm1 May, 1897. By this process there is estimated as starch, the pentosans andother carbohydrate bodies, which will undergo hydrolysis whenboiled with hydrochloric acid. We have reasons for thinking thatstarch estimations made in plant analysis by means of hydrochloricacid are frequently wide from the Fig. 2. Epidermal tissue of leaf, magnified 500 diameters. Let us now turn our attention to the general microscopical appear-ance of the opium. On clarifying some opium with chloral hydratethe structure of the pericarp of the poppy was clearly broughtout, as shown in Fig. i. In the same clarified material werefound scalariform and spiral vessels. An abundance of calcium O&o- o G ® c& & Fig 3 Wheat starch granules, magnified 500 diameters. oxalate crystals and some wheat brand were found in several epidermal tissue was also abundant on every slide. Fig. starch was brought out by the usual iodine reaction. Fig. j. All these substances that do not increase the yield of morphine,by our present methods of assay, must, in our opinion, be considered ^iay.!^} StarciL and Strontium in Opium. 247 of minor importance, so long as it is only required of opium to con-tain a certain amount of morphine. Substances that do increasethe yield of morphine
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