. Maryland School Journal (1879-1880) . he same relativeposition, and therefore are called glumes. What do you findinside? P.—There are so many parts that I cant distinguish them,except that there are several stamens, and stigmas, and scales. T.—If you are careful, you can separate these into threeor four groups; and (as in Fig. 2)you will find that each is surroundedby two pales—an outer (3), and aninner (4); Pull off the outer paleof one of these groups ; how doesthe inner pale differ from it ? P.—The inner pale wraps aroundthe parts of the flower more thanthe outer did, and does not end ins
. Maryland School Journal (1879-1880) . he same relativeposition, and therefore are called glumes. What do you findinside? P.—There are so many parts that I cant distinguish them,except that there are several stamens, and stigmas, and scales. T.—If you are careful, you can separate these into threeor four groups; and (as in Fig. 2)you will find that each is surroundedby two pales—an outer (3), and aninner (4); Pull off the outer paleof one of these groups ; how doesthe inner pale differ from it ? P.—The inner pale wraps aroundthe parts of the flower more thanthe outer did, and does not end inso sharp a point. T.—The outer pale often ex-tends into a long point and formswhat is called the beard uf beardedwheat. Now pull the inner pale off very carefully and notice twovery small scales at the bottom of the ovary. Fig. 2-(5). Theyare called lodicules and are really the undeveloped perianth orvestages of the calyx and corolla; for the pales and glumesyou know are only bracts. Describe the other parts insidethese Figure 2. First Lessons in Botany. 185 P.—There are three stamens with versatile anthers and anovary which is a caryopsis with two styles and feathery stig-mas, (6, 7 and 8). T.—Notice the little down on the ovary at the base of thestyles; this remains on the grains of wheat even after it isthrashed. If you will refer again to Fig. 2 you will see thatyou have there represented at 1 and 2 the glumes of thewhole spikelet, then the parts of one of the inclosed many flowers have you in your spikelet? P.—Mine has four, but one of them is very small. T.—You will find them varying in the number of flowersfrom two to five (with the upper ones generally abortive), andalso in the size of the ripe ovaries, since very much dependsupon the soil in which they are grown. The number ofspikelets in each spike also varies, for the same reason. Nowto recapitulate: The flowers of wheat grow in a four-sidedspike, the spikelets being attached alte
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