. Ancient faiths embodied in ancient names; or, An attempt to trace the religious belief, sacred rites, and holy emblems of certain nations . 494 Pine Cone ] three wheat ears of Ceres, the caduceus ofand Thyrsus I Mercury, and the vine of Bacchus. Amongst the gems depicted in this work, thethyrsus seems to be occasionally replaced by the cor-nucopia, caduceus, etc. In the Musee Secret {Herculanum et Pompei, parRoux Aine, Paris, 1840,) of the celebrated Museumof Naples, the thyrsus is present in most of the amor-ous scenes pourtrayed. In plate i., it is associatedwith a patera, which bears upon


. Ancient faiths embodied in ancient names; or, An attempt to trace the religious belief, sacred rites, and holy emblems of certain nations . 494 Pine Cone ] three wheat ears of Ceres, the caduceus ofand Thyrsus I Mercury, and the vine of Bacchus. Amongst the gems depicted in this work, thethyrsus seems to be occasionally replaced by the cor-nucopia, caduceus, etc. In the Musee Secret {Herculanum et Pompei, parRoux Aine, Paris, 1840,) of the celebrated Museumof Naples, the thyrsus is present in most of the amor-ous scenes pourtrayed. In plate i., it is associatedwith a patera, which bears upon it the figure of asistrum ; whilst in another part of the scene thereis the curved rod (Fig. 38), and the circlet or ring, Figure emblems respectively of the linga and the plate x., Bacchus is represented with the thyrsusin one hand, whilst with the other he pours alibation from a cornucopia into an argha. Platesxix., xxvii., xxix., xxx., xxxi., xliv., liv. and lix., whichwe cannot judiciously either copy or describe, all indi-cate an association of ideas between the thyrsus,i. e., the virga, the pine cone, the curved or knobbedstick, the cornucopia, the hymeneal torch, andMahadeva. An examination of Gemme Antiche Figurate, byMaffei, Rome, 1707, leads us to a similar conclusion;and though we have diligently searched throughPierres Antiques Gravies, by Picart (Amsterdam,1724), Signa Antiqua e Museo Jacobi de Wilde 495 Pine Cone ] (Amsterdam, 1700), and Antiquities Ex-and Thyrsus 1 plained, etc., by George Ogle (London, 1737),we have found nothing to mihtate against our views,that the thyrsus represents the Linga, and the pinecone its appendages. Indeed it is difficult to examinecopies of the many gems whi


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