. History of the cotton manufacture in Great Britain : with a notice of its early history in the East, and in all the quarters of the globe : a description of the great mechanical inventions, which have caused its unexampled extension in Britain, and a view of the present state of the manufacture and the condition of the classes engaged in its several departments. in acottage, and in many instances was so used : when thenumber of spindles was considerably increased, adjacentwork-shops were used. But the water-frame, the card-ing engine, and the other machines which Arkwrightbrought out in a fi
. History of the cotton manufacture in Great Britain : with a notice of its early history in the East, and in all the quarters of the globe : a description of the great mechanical inventions, which have caused its unexampled extension in Britain, and a view of the present state of the manufacture and the condition of the classes engaged in its several departments. in acottage, and in many instances was so used : when thenumber of spindles was considerably increased, adjacentwork-shops were used. But the water-frame, the card-ing engine, and the other machines which Arkwrightbrought out in a finished state, required both more spacethan could be found in a cottage, and more power thancould be applied by the human arm. Their weight alsorendered it necessary to place them in strongly-builtmills, and they could not be advantageously turned byany power then known but that of water. The use of machinery was accompanied by a greaterdivision of labour than existed in the primitive state ofthe manufacture ; the material went through many moreprocesses ; and of course the loss of time and the riskof waste would have been much increased, if its removalfrom house to house at every stage of the manufacturehad been necessary. It became obvious that therewere several important advantages in carrying on thenumerous operations of an extensive manufacture in the. THE COTTON MANUFACTURE. 18) same building. Where water power was required, itwas economy to build one mill, and put up one water-wheel, rather than several. This arrangement alsoenabled the master spinner himself to superintend everystage of the manufacture : it gave him a greater securityagainst the wasteful or fraudulent consumption of thematerial: it saved time in the transference of the workfrom hand to hand : and it prevented the extreme incon-venience which would have resulted from the failure ofone class of workmen to perform their part, when seve-ral other classes of workmen were dependent upon circumstan
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