. Copper and copper base alloys : the physical and mechanical properties of copper and its commercial alloys in wrought form. Copper; Copper alloys. APPENDIX B DEFINITION OF TERMS 1. Apparent Elastic Limit.—See Test Methods, Appendix A. 2. B. & S. Numbers Hard.—In the fabrication of wrought copper-base alloy sheet and strip, it is common practice to refer to the amount of cold work performed as the B. & S. Nos., hard, , sheet and strip thicknesses are based on Brown and Sharpe gage units. If a copper- base alloy is cold-roUed from 12 B. & S. gage ( in.) to 13 B. & S.
. Copper and copper base alloys : the physical and mechanical properties of copper and its commercial alloys in wrought form. Copper; Copper alloys. APPENDIX B DEFINITION OF TERMS 1. Apparent Elastic Limit.—See Test Methods, Appendix A. 2. B. & S. Numbers Hard.—In the fabrication of wrought copper-base alloy sheet and strip, it is common practice to refer to the amount of cold work performed as the B. & S. Nos., hard, , sheet and strip thicknesses are based on Brown and Sharpe gage units. If a copper- base alloy is cold-roUed from 12 B. & S. gage ( in.) to 13 B. & S. gage ( in.), it is said to be 1 No., hard; if from 12 B. & S. gage ( in.) to 16 B. & S. gage ( in.), 4 Nos. hard. The relation between numbers hard, percentage reduction of area by cold working, and commercial temper designations is given in the following table: Commercial temper cold-rolled sheet and strip & S. Nos., Hard Quarter hard Half hard Three-quarters hard Hard Extra hard Spring Extra spring. Reduction of area, % 3. Ready-to-fimsh Anneal and Ready-to-finish Grain Size.—In the cold-working as well as in the annealing charts for wrought copper-base alloy strip, it will be observed that complete mechanical properties are given for two different "ready-to-finish' grain sizes. In brass mill terminology it is common practice to refer to the anneal before the final cold working as the "ready- to-finish" anneal and the grain or crystal size of the metal obtained as the "ready-to-finish" gi-ain size. Others have referred to it as the penultimate anneal or grain size. In all cases where properties are given for two different "ready-to-finish" grain sizes, the values selected have been those commonly encountered in the commercial production of the material in question. 4. Relief Anneal or Stress Reliefing.—It is common practice with certain of the wrought copper-base alloys
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