Mental medicine and nursing : for use in training-schools for nurses and in medical classes and a ready reference for the general practitioner . d the intellectualactivity, the more marked is the influence ofthe hallucinations. As clinically demonstrated,hallucinations abate in their influence as thestage of the mental disease subsides—either whenthe patient enters upon convalescence or whenhe lapses into dementia. In the latter case evenif they persist theyexercise but littlesway over the emo-tions and actions cfthe patient. Hallucinations cfHearing.—These arethe most commonvariety. In expla-


Mental medicine and nursing : for use in training-schools for nurses and in medical classes and a ready reference for the general practitioner . d the intellectualactivity, the more marked is the influence ofthe hallucinations. As clinically demonstrated,hallucinations abate in their influence as thestage of the mental disease subsides—either whenthe patient enters upon convalescence or whenhe lapses into dementia. In the latter case evenif they persist theyexercise but littlesway over the emo-tions and actions cfthe patient. Hallucinations cfHearing.—These arethe most commonvariety. In expla-nation, the patientis apt to call theminternal voices,alleging that theyare conveyed withinhim by telegraph,telephone, phono-graph, Or more am- Fig. 20.—A type exhibiting hallucina- biguously by some tions of hearing- system of electricity, or otherwise by some occultpower (Fig. 20). In degree they may be gentle,when the patient hears his own thoughts, or sopronounced as to draw him into , the sound may not seem to extend be-yond the patients own body, but is referredto some part of it, as, for instance, believing5. 66 MENTAL MEDICINE AND NURSING that there is a child in his throat speaking tohim. These false voices may seem to the patientto speak in a whispering tone from a distance,or very near at hand, or they may shout loudly,as coming from the floor above, or beneath theindividual. It is often a peculiar idea amongthe insane with auditory hallucinations thatothers read their thoughts and in this mannertake undue advantage of them, even holdingthem up to ridicule, a condition that often leadsto violence. These false voices may be pleasantin character, where sweet strains of music areheard, but usually they are disagreeable and dis-tressing. They are apt to excite the patient toviolence when they take the form of reproaches,insults, and ironical remarks. They may berecognized as some known person, or merelyspoken of as voices. Their threats compelhim


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