. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology. Anatomy; Physiology; Zoology. 170 PELVIS. of the Tiger and some Carnivora, and which has an evident relation to the increase of leverage for the muscular power of adduction required to grasp their prey, as also has the convergent direction of the ischia just mentioned. The pubes (d) are long, and are like the ischia, less directed backwards, form- ing an ilio-pubic angle of 125° in the Eagle and HO0 in the Owl. They have a great inward convergence in most Vultures and Falcons, and in the Hen Harrier and brown Eagle are closely approximated in the med
. The cyclopædia of anatomy and physiology. Anatomy; Physiology; Zoology. 170 PELVIS. of the Tiger and some Carnivora, and which has an evident relation to the increase of leverage for the muscular power of adduction required to grasp their prey, as also has the convergent direction of the ischia just mentioned. The pubes (d) are long, and are like the ischia, less directed backwards, form- ing an ilio-pubic angle of 125° in the Eagle and HO0 in the Owl. They have a great inward convergence in most Vultures and Falcons, and in the Hen Harrier and brown Eagle are closely approximated in the median line and connected by ligaments in a sort of short symphysis; generally the ischia and pubes unite posteriorly to enclose a small obturator foramen in the Diurnal birds of prey. In some Falcons and Vultures, how- ever, according to Carus, they are united in their whole extent ; while, in the Owls, this union does not take place at all. The Reptile pelves present some specimens which approach the Mammalian type, in the formation of a perfect pelvic girdle by inter- pubic and inter-ischial symphysis. In these animals, however, the three components of the innominate bones remain separate through- out life, and are connected in the acetabula by ligament only. The manner of articula- tion of the ilia with the sacrum is also cha- racteristic. We have seen that in Mammals this connection of the ilia takes place about the centre or at the anterior half; and in Birds by the whole length of the alse. In Heptiles it takes place by the tip only of the upper extremity of the ilia, giving much less strength, but far greater mobility to these bones. In the Chclonian and Saurian reptiles also, the ilia are directed forwards and down- wards instead of backwards and downwards, as in Birds and Mammals, and thus the axis of the anterior pelvic outlet is directed upwards and forwards, and the lumbar vertebrae, instead of the coccygeal, form part of the posterior pelvic wall. The pelvic bones
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