. A class-book of botany, designed for colleges, academies, and other seminaries ... Illustrated by a flora of the northern, middle, and western states; particularly of the United States north of the Capitol, lat. 38 3/4. d into the gi-ound, eitherby the lower or the upper end, or by both at once, it will take root and trees, as the mulbeny (Moras) may be multiplied by layers. A branch isbent and inserted into the gi-ound by the apex. When it has taken root it issevered from the parent stock, and becomes a perfect tree. c. The roots of a tree extend in all directions, and to con
. A class-book of botany, designed for colleges, academies, and other seminaries ... Illustrated by a flora of the northern, middle, and western states; particularly of the United States north of the Capitol, lat. 38 3/4. d into the gi-ound, eitherby the lower or the upper end, or by both at once, it will take root and trees, as the mulbeny (Moras) may be multiplied by layers. A branch isbent and inserted into the gi-ound by the apex. When it has taken root it issevered from the parent stock, and becomes a perfect tree. c. The roots of a tree extend in all directions, and to considerable distance is at least equal to the extent of the branches, and often muchgreater. Those of the elm embrace an area of 300 feet diameter, of the poplar, 6* 64 THE ROOT. 400. Forest trees, being less exposed to the assaults of the wind, are much lessfirmly rooted tlian those in open situations. 145. Fusiform (spindle-shaped). It consists of a thick, fleshycaudex, tapering downwards, and also, for a short space, np-wards. It sends off from the sides and extremity, tln-ead-hkefibrils, wliich are in fact its trne roots, since they alone absorbnonrishment from the ground. Ex. parsnip, radish. •. FIG. 20. 10, Orchis. •Forms of the root; 7, branching roots of a tree ; 8, root of Daucus; 9, Oxalis; a. Wlien the fusiform root di-vddcs into two principal branches, it is said to beforked. Wlien it tapers from the collmn downwards its whole length, it is calleda conical or tap root. But its most remarkable variety is the h. Premorse, in which the caudex terminates abruptly below,as if it had been bitten off (pra:morsus). This is due to thefact that the lower extremity perishes after the first year. pcdata, and Scabiosa succisa. c. The napiform (turnip-shaped) root is another variety of thefusifonn, where the upper portion swells out, so that the diame-ter is greater than the length. Ex. turnip. 146. The fibrous root consists of numerous tliread-like divi
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1840, booksubjectbotany, bookyear1848
