. World's Columbian Catholic Congresses and educational exhibit ... embracing official proceedings of all the Chicago Catholic Congresses of 1893 .... gnore. In the proposals we advance, if we hope thereby to accomplish beneficial resuks,we must recognize the changes which are constantly occurring in natural conditions,for these changes necessarily affect the industrial life of the people. The conditionswhich existed fifty, or even twenty-five, years ago do not exist to-day. Fifty years agothe surplus labor of the country found employment in reclaiming and cultivating thewaste lands of the fru
. World's Columbian Catholic Congresses and educational exhibit ... embracing official proceedings of all the Chicago Catholic Congresses of 1893 .... gnore. In the proposals we advance, if we hope thereby to accomplish beneficial resuks,we must recognize the changes which are constantly occurring in natural conditions,for these changes necessarily affect the industrial life of the people. The conditionswhich existed fifty, or even twenty-five, years ago do not exist to-day. Fifty years agothe surplus labor of the country found employment in reclaiming and cultivating thewaste lands of the fruitful West; but now nearly all the available lands have beenappropriated, so that surplus labor no longer finds remunerative employment there, andthe Ffream of immigration has ceased to flow toward the setting sun. Thirty years ago surplus labor found employment in the army, in the building ofrailways, in the improvement of rivers and harbors, and in many other enterprises whichexisted as a result of th© war then being waged for national supremacy. These changeswhich are wrought by what may be termed natural causes only, serve to emphasize the. ARCHBISHOP KAIN, ST. LOUIS. ARCHBISHOP WALSH, TORONTO. ARCHBISHOP ELDER, CINCINNATI. CARDINAL TASCHEREAU,QUEBEC. ARCHBISHOP WILLIAMS, Boston. ARCHBISHOP GROSS, OREGON. ARCHBISHOP KENRICK, ST. LOUIS. WORLDS COLUMBIAN CATHOLIC CONGRESSES. 5$ fact that in the field of labor, as in the whole domain of industry, supply and demandmust ever be controlling factors, and the economist who ignores this fundamental truthin seeking a wise solution of the all-important problem now agitating the public is adreamer or a demagogue. Whatever speculations or theories we may advance or proclaim it should be con-ceded that unless labor is reduced to a condition of servitude, the amount of wages tobe paid and the amount of work to be done at a certain price must always remain theobjects of free and open bargain. Under such circumstances, the connection betwe
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