. Gleanings in bee culture . are from Sears, Roebuck tt cost of the material in each saw wasabout $, not counting my own work. Figs. 1 and 2 show the cut-off saw, and 3and 4 the rip-saw. In Fig. 3 some of theproducts from the saw are also shown; thatis, the hive-bodies in the fiat, brood-frames,etc. For making the end-bars of frames Iuse a 1^-inch pine plank, 9ys inches long,wabble-sawed on the ends ysx^s, and thenthis plank rip-sawed into pieces ^ inchthick, thus making the end-bars of theframes like those nailed up. The bottom-bars of the frames are yk\y&, just fitting inthe notch


. Gleanings in bee culture . are from Sears, Roebuck tt cost of the material in each saw wasabout $, not counting my own work. Figs. 1 and 2 show the cut-off saw, and 3and 4 the rip-saw. In Fig. 3 some of theproducts from the saw are also shown; thatis, the hive-bodies in the fiat, brood-frames,etc. For making the end-bars of frames Iuse a 1^-inch pine plank, 9ys inches long,wabble-sawed on the ends ysx^s, and thenthis plank rip-sawed into pieces ^ inchthick, thus making the end-bars of theframes like those nailed up. The bottom-bars of the frames are yk\y&, just fitting inthe notch in the lower end of the top-bars are /& inch square and 19>^inches long. To fasten foundation in my frames, one-fourth of the top-bar is cut out of the lowerside, the strip cut out being fg inch square,less the width of the saw-cut. The founda-tion is laid in this cut, and the striji nailedin place with three small wire nails, thusholding the sheet very firmly. Northampton, N. Y. BY ARTHUR C. !• ig. 1.—Cut-off saw-table for cutting bee-keepers supplies; built by Percy Orton. ])r. M. Kuestenmachers theory of the ori-gin of propolis is certainly unique, andwould be interesting if true, but it hap-pens to be erroneous—page 568. Pollen does have some resinous gum, butnot in any such quantity as would be nec-essary to produce the amounts of propolisfound about the hives. Furthermore, it isdistributed largely, if not entirely, over thehusks of the pollen grains, and, being vir-tually insoluble in the stomach juices, it isnot freed from the husks, but remains onthem and passes from the system with in various forms, when taken intothe human stomach, emulsifies and passeson, and is not tioating on top of stomachcontent. This fioating idea is very muchlike the childish idea of food lying in layersin the stomach, and the childish play oftopping off with griddle cakes to serveas a cover for the rest. A few simple facts which any one mayobserve wi


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Keywords: ., bo, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1870, booksubjectbees, bookyear1874