The British nation a history / by George MWrong . her, and weresome distance perhaps from the scene of toil. A manorwas usually cultivated on what is known as the three-fieldsystem, the arable land being divided into three greatopen fields each having in one year a crop sown in theautumn, in the next one sown in the spring, and in the„, ^ third lying fallow. The tillage was rude. ihe terms on jo o wMch the soil Teams of four, eight, or even twelve oxenwas cultivated. (^^ggef[ huge wooden ploughs, which turnedbut a shallow furrow; the value of fertilizing was littleunderstood, and the soil p
The British nation a history / by George MWrong . her, and weresome distance perhaps from the scene of toil. A manorwas usually cultivated on what is known as the three-fieldsystem, the arable land being divided into three greatopen fields each having in one year a crop sown in theautumn, in the next one sown in the spring, and in the„, ^ third lying fallow. The tillage was rude. ihe terms on jo o wMch the soil Teams of four, eight, or even twelve oxenwas cultivated. (^^ggef[ huge wooden ploughs, which turnedbut a shallow furrow; the value of fertilizing was littleunderstood, and the soil produced not more than one-thirdof what the same acreage would yield at the present the villein had sometimes only a cottage and agarden he usually cultivated for himself about thirty acres,which were often to be found in as many strips scattered 140 THE BRITISH NATION over the whole area of the manor. The manor was, indeed,one huge farm, and those upon it were knit together byvery close ties. Sometimes the villeins were jointly re-. The amount oflabour requiredfrom thevillein. Gettixg in the Harvest (Fouuteexth Century).—Molntixg a the wheel. sponsible for their service to the lord, and they thus hadevery motive to urge each other to efficiency. The dutiesvaried on different manors. In winter and summermonths a villein usually gave his master about three dayslabour in each week, but at harvest-time theamount often increased to four, and a villeinwas, indeed, obliged sometimes to hire otlierlabourers to help him discharge his duty tohis lord at tins busy season. He had for his reward thel^roduct of his own laud, and thus was inspired by atenants or owners motives to thrift and care. Though the villein was thus not a mere slave his condi-tion was servile and his children inherited it; once a vil-The servile ^^^ always a villciu. He could not leave thecondition of nuiuor and his lord might force him to givethe villein. ^^^^ ^^^^ lioUliug for another and t
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