. The theory of evolution in the light of facts. han.) KESULTS OF RESEARCH 51 practically survived as perfect examples or in theform of larger connected fragments, but mostly arefound as separated portions of one and the sameplant at different places—for instance the stem here,the leaves yonder,and the seeds andfruit somewhere is clear thatunder these circum-stances it is onlyin exceptional casesthat the properlyassociated parts canbe recognized assuch.^ To this must beadded that one andthe same plant occursin quite differentstates of preserva-tion, with or withoutbark
. The theory of evolution in the light of facts. han.) KESULTS OF RESEARCH 51 practically survived as perfect examples or in theform of larger connected fragments, but mostly arefound as separated portions of one and the sameplant at different places—for instance the stem here,the leaves yonder,and the seeds andfruit somewhere is clear thatunder these circum-stances it is onlyin exceptional casesthat the properlyassociated parts canbe recognized assuch.^ To this must beadded that one andthe same plant occursin quite differentstates of preserva-tion, with or withoutbark (Fig. 10), stonekernels, pith tubes,etc., so that quitedifferent forms of growth may present themselvesand receive also different names. Fig. 10 will helpto a comprehension of this. It shows us three 1 Dr. W. Gothan: Entwicklung der Pflanzenwelt, Osterwieclc am Harz^1909, p. 6. This little volume of the collection Die Natur is much to berecommended. We shall follow it generally in our arguments. Gothanobviously relies greatly on Potonie. E 2. Fig. 11.—Remains of Plants in^SamlandAmbee. 1. Sambucus (Elder) Flower, | nat. The same magnified. 2. Portion of a male Oak The same magnified. 3. Cinnamon The same magnified. {After Gothan.) 52 THE THEORY OF EVOLUTION conditions which may be easily noted in the samedecayed stem. In all these conditions we find fossiltrees. Flowers are really only known to us by enclosurein amber (fossil resin) (Fig. 11). Nevertheless it is possible, though certainly onlyon rough lines, to conceive an idea of the succession ofseries and the connection of the greater groups, of theprocess of transformation within separate types and insome degree also of the reasons and causes of same. § 1. Brief ^purview of the chronological succession ofthe larger plant groups. Gothan adopts, for the history of plant life,a somewhat different limitation of the three chiefperiods, quite logically according to the principleswhich we have
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