Chemical lecture experiments . f the decomposition is allowedto continue, the liquid soon becomes warm, and ultimatelythe phosphorus trichloride is completely converted to phos-phorous and hydrochloric acids. The presence of phosphorousacid may be established by adding a few drops of gold chlo-ride solution, which will be reduced on warming. PC13 + 3 H20 = H3PO3 + 3 HC1. PCI3: ice-water ; AuCl3 solution. PHOSPHORUS PENTACHLORIDE PREPARATION 45. By the combustion of phosphorus inchlorine. — A small piece of phosphorus islowered into a liter flask filled with drychlorine and provided with a cork
Chemical lecture experiments . f the decomposition is allowedto continue, the liquid soon becomes warm, and ultimatelythe phosphorus trichloride is completely converted to phos-phorous and hydrochloric acids. The presence of phosphorousacid may be established by adding a few drops of gold chlo-ride solution, which will be reduced on warming. PC13 + 3 H20 = H3PO3 + 3 HC1. PCI3: ice-water ; AuCl3 solution. PHOSPHORUS PENTACHLORIDE PREPARATION 45. By the combustion of phosphorus inchlorine. — A small piece of phosphorus islowered into a liter flask filled with drychlorine and provided with a cork carryinga calcium chloride tube. The phosphorustakes fire and burns in the excess of chlorineto form phosphorus pentachloride, which willremain as a white powder on the walls of theflask (Fig. 108). In order to insure an excessof chlorine a piece of phosphorus having a di-ameter of not more than 2 mm. must be used. P4 + 10 CI, = 4 PCI* Deflagrating-spoon ; liter flask of dry CI; corkwith CaCl3 tube; 2 mm. piece of yellow Fig. 108 262 CHEMICAL LECTURE EXPERIMENTS 46. By the action of chlorine on phosphorus trichloride. —As was seen in Ex. 43 an excess of chlorine, when that ele-ment is acting on phosphorus, produces the pentachloriderather than the trichloride of phosphorus. Accordingly itis only necessary in preparing the pentachloride to act onthe trichloride with an excess of chlorine. The union of chlorine and phosphorus trichloride to formthe solid phosphorus pentachloride may be effected by pour-ing 3 cc. of phosphorus trichloride into a liter flask filledwith dry chlorine. A cork carrying a tube filled with cal-cium chloride (Fig. 108) is immediately inserted in theneck of the flask, which is then allowed to stand. After afew minutes the color will nearly all disappear from theflask, and the phosphorus pentachloride will remain as asolid mass on the bottom and walls. PCI, + CI, = PCI, Cork and CaCl2 tube ; liter flask of dry CI ; 3 cc. PCI3.
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