. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. 170 G. U. THORINGTON AND D. A. HESSINGER. 0 1 2 DIPHEN., M x 105 Figure 3. Dixon-type plots of proline-mediated sensitization in the presence of three different concentrations of proline. Molar concentra- tions of proline used were: (A) x 1CT8; (D) x 10 7; and (O) 1 X 10"6. Each data point is the mean of between 23 and 74 (average n = 40) tentacles. cnidae to discharge, (ii) Following capture of the prey, the feeding response, involving a concerted movement of the tentacles to the mouth and the opening of the mo
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. 170 G. U. THORINGTON AND D. A. HESSINGER. 0 1 2 DIPHEN., M x 105 Figure 3. Dixon-type plots of proline-mediated sensitization in the presence of three different concentrations of proline. Molar concentra- tions of proline used were: (A) x 1CT8; (D) x 10 7; and (O) 1 X 10"6. Each data point is the mean of between 23 and 74 (average n = 40) tentacles. cnidae to discharge, (ii) Following capture of the prey, the feeding response, involving a concerted movement of the tentacles to the mouth and the opening of the mouth, is also triggered by soluble substances leaking from punctured prey (Lenhoff and Heagy, 1977). In hy- dra the feeding response is induced by reduced glutathi- one (Loomis, 1955; Lenhoff, 1968; Cobb et al., 1982), while in some sea anemones (Lenhoff and Heagy, 1977), !, pallida (unpub. obs.), it is induced by some of the same amino compounds that sensitize cnidae to discharge. Thus, in many cnidarians, as in A. pallida. both prey capture and the feeding response are likely to be mediated by surface chemoreceptors that detect spe- cific chemicals contained on and within suitable prey. The present findings show that the control of cnida dis- charge can be studied at the molecular level. This cnida- cnidocyte system will be useful in unraveling both the mechanisms of sensory transduction in cnidocytes and the means by which chemical and mechanical stimuli are integrated to effect cnida discharge. The present ap- proach to identifying and characterizing cnidocyte che- moreceptors involved in prey capture may also be useful in elucidating the mechanisms that control cnidocyte be- havior as it relates to such phenomena as clonal aggres- sion ( Francis, 1973) and tolerance of symbiotic an- emonefish by certain sea anemones (, Schlichter, 1976). Acknowledgments We thank Drs. R. Mariscal, B. Taylor, and G. Watson for helpful discussions and comments on the manu-
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