American journal of physiology . machare to be mentioned frequently, it will be well to recall them here intheir relations to the outline. The larger, cardiac part of the organlies to the left of a line through wx. Into it the oesophagus opens through the cardiac sphincter, orcardia, at c. The pyloric part,[. which includes all of the stomachsituated at the right of a line w x,is closed by the pylorus at /.This part has two divisions; theantrum at the right of the line y z,and the preantral part of the pyl-oric portion, or middle region ofthe stomach, between the lines w x and y z. The lesser
American journal of physiology . machare to be mentioned frequently, it will be well to recall them here intheir relations to the outline. The larger, cardiac part of the organlies to the left of a line through wx. Into it the oesophagus opens through the cardiac sphincter, orcardia, at c. The pyloric part,[. which includes all of the stomachsituated at the right of a line w x,is closed by the pylorus at /.This part has two divisions; theantrum at the right of the line y z,and the preantral part of the pyl-oric portion, or middle region ofthe stomach, between the lines w x and y z. The lesser curvaturecorresponds approximately to the anterior border of the shadowc w p ; the greater curvature to the more extensive sweep, c p, alongthe posterior border. The wall of the cats stomach consists of three coats, but as thispaper deals only with the functions of the muscular coat, that alonewill be described. The gastric muscular fibres are disposed in threesets: an outer longitudinal layer, a middle circular layer, and a set. Figure 2. The Movements of the Stomach. 365 of inner oblique fibres. The longitudinal fibres continue those of theoesophagus, and, radiating over the cardiac end, become more markedalong the curvatures than on the front and back surfaces. Over theantrum they lie in a thick, uniform layer. The circular fibres form acomplete investment, and are arranged in rings at right angles to thecurved axis of the stomach. Towards the pyloric end they becomedenser and stronger, and at the pylorus form a thick bundle, the py-loric sphincter. Separating the antrum from the rest of the stomach,at J ^, is a special thickening of the circular fibres, called by theearly writers ^ the transverse band, and described by Hofmeisterand Schiitz^ as the sphincter antri pylorici. The oblique fibresstart from the left of the cardiac orifice, and pass as two strong bandsalong the anterior part of the dorsal and ventral surfaces, giving offfine fasciculi to the circular musculature;
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