. Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11. Forests and forestry. ill •3 if 'II ii I 88 NORWAY SPRUCE Picea Abies, (Linnaeus) Karsten FOJIM—eA large trp« vusually attaining a height of 60-80 ft. with a diameter of 2 ft. but may reach a lieight of 125 ft. with a diameter of 3 ft. Trunk atraight. oontlnuona. Blightly tapering, and sometimes free from lateral branches for a considerable distance from the baae. Grown less acutely pyramidal than that of our native species. BASK^-On old trunks roughened with large, rather thick reddish-brown scales, on younger trunks the scales are thi
. Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11. Forests and forestry. ill •3 if 'II ii I 88 NORWAY SPRUCE Picea Abies, (Linnaeus) Karsten FOJIM—eA large trp« vusually attaining a height of 60-80 ft. with a diameter of 2 ft. but may reach a lieight of 125 ft. with a diameter of 3 ft. Trunk atraight. oontlnuona. Blightly tapering, and sometimes free from lateral branches for a considerable distance from the baae. Grown less acutely pyramidal than that of our native species. BASK^-On old trunks roughened with large, rather thick reddish-brown scales, on younger trunks the scales are thinner and closer. Used In tanneries of Europe, but only slightly charged with tannin. TWIOS—Slender, rather pendulous, light reddish-brown and roughened by projecting leaf- bases. BUDS—Ovate to conical, smooth, pointed, covered by overlapping, sharp-pointed, light brown scales. LEAVES—About |-1 inch long, 8haii>-pointed, 4-sided, dark green, without real leaf-stalks, but resting on decurrent projections of bark known as sterlgmata. LEAF-SCARS—See "Leaf-Scars" under Bed Spruce. FLOWERS—Appear about May when pollination takes place. Fertilization takes place In June. FRUIT—A cone about 4-7 Inches long, cyllndrlcal-oblong, pendant, almost sessile, maturing at the end of the flrst season; cone-scales thin, stiff, rather broad, reddlsh-brown, with finely toothed margins. WOOD—Non-porous; resin passages present; straight-grained, strong, not durable in con- tact with the soil, medium in hardness, works easily, heendulou8 branchlets terminating the lateral branches. The sharp-pointed, bluish- green, 4-sided needles will also aid in distinguishing it from some of the other cloaely related trees, RANGE—Its native home Is in middle and northern Europe. It forms a very Important part of tne forest structure of Germany, Switzerland, Austria, and Russia. Planted extensively in the United States for omaniental purposes from Maine south to Washington and west
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