Ecosystems and Human Well-Being Biodiversity Ecosystems and Human Well-Being: Biodiversity Synthesis ecosystemshumanw05kuma Year: 2005 among multilateral environ- mental agreements (SI4). As the basis for international cooperation, all global environ- mental agreements operate under profoundly different cir- cumstances in the four scenar- ios, and their current instruments—exchange of sci- entific information and knowl- edge, technology transfer, benefit sharing, financial sup- port—might need to be revised and complemented by new ones according to changing sociopolitical conditions. The inte
Ecosystems and Human Well-Being Biodiversity Ecosystems and Human Well-Being: Biodiversity Synthesis ecosystemshumanw05kuma Year: 2005 among multilateral environ- mental agreements (SI4). As the basis for international cooperation, all global environ- mental agreements operate under profoundly different cir- cumstances in the four scenar- ios, and their current instruments—exchange of sci- entific information and knowl- edge, technology transfer, benefit sharing, financial sup- port—might need to be revised and complemented by new ones according to changing sociopolitical conditions. The interdependence between socioeconomic development and ecosystems also requires national governments and intergovernmental organizations to influence and moderate the actions of the private sector, communities, and NGOs. The responsibility of national governments to establish good governance at the national and sub-national levels is complemented by their obligation to shape the international context by negotiating, endorsing, and imple- menring international environmental agreements. Trade-offs between ecosystem services continue and may intensify. The gains in provisioning services such as food supply and water use will come partly at the expense of other ecosystem services (S12). Major decisions in the next 50—100 years will have to address trade-offs between agricultural production and water quality, land use and biodiversity, water use and aquatic biodiversity, current water use for irrigation and future agricul- tural production, and in fact all current and future use of nonre- newable resources (S12). Providing food to an increasing population will lead (with low to medium certainty) to the expan- sion of agricultural land, and this will lead to the loss of natural forest and grassland () as well as of other services (such as genetic resources, climate regulation, and runoff regulation). While water use will increase in developing countries (with high certainty), th
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