China/Tibet: Khedrup Gelek Pelzang (1385–1438), better known as Khedrup Je, the 1st Panchen Lama. Illustration by Sarat Chandra Das (1849-1917), 1882. The Panchen Lama is the highest ranking Lama after the Dalai Lama in the Gelugpa (Dge-lugs-pa) sect of Tibetan Buddhism (the sect which controlled western Tibet from the 16th century until the imposition of Chinese sovereignty in 1951). The successive Panchen lamas form a tulku reincarnation lineage which are said to be the incarnations of Amitabha Buddha.

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Photo credit: © Pictures From History / Alamy / Afripics
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