. The Bulletin of the Beach Erosion Board. Coastal engineering; Shore protection; Beach erosion. LIMITING BATTER (SLOPE) BETWEEN THE BREAKING AND REFLECTION OF WAVES by Ramon Iribarren Cavanilles and Casto Nogales Y Olano (Highway Engineers) One of the interesting subjects treated in the Xtfllth Inter- national Congress of Navigation, Lisbon, is the determination of the limiting conditions between breaking and reflection of waves„ This determination is necessary not only for differentiating wave breaking from reflecting embankments or shores, but is also fundamental for the important project o
. The Bulletin of the Beach Erosion Board. Coastal engineering; Shore protection; Beach erosion. LIMITING BATTER (SLOPE) BETWEEN THE BREAKING AND REFLECTION OF WAVES by Ramon Iribarren Cavanilles and Casto Nogales Y Olano (Highway Engineers) One of the interesting subjects treated in the Xtfllth Inter- national Congress of Navigation, Lisbon, is the determination of the limiting conditions between breaking and reflection of waves„ This determination is necessary not only for differentiating wave breaking from reflecting embankments or shores, but is also fundamental for the important project of the wave-breaking slopes (rampas rompeolas) or dampers (amortiguadoras) in contrast to re- flecting walls of piers (muros de muelles) in the zones in which the plan of wave travel of the interior of the port indicates the ex- istence of incident waves of some importance and whose successive reflections might be disruptive to its needed calmness0 In justified cases these slopes can be covered with open pile piers (muelles en claraboya), but reflecting walls of piers never should be constructed In these zones of agitation in the interior of a port, and especially not in its angles» In connection with this subject, we submit for those interested in the question,, the following quotation from our report, from Section II, 4th Communication, of the cited Congresss "It is of great interest to determine the limiting batter between the breaking and reflection of the wave, as a function of its characteristicso There exists theoretically a limiting batter such that both phenomena occur simultaneously, and that at the same time separates them in such manner that, for more severe batters, the wave is reflected, while for gentler batters the wave breaks, but in practice, there is a range of batters on which the wave breaks and reflects partially, one or the other phenomenon pre- dominating until one arrives at a batter of total breaking or of total reflection., One cannot properly
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