Lectures on nervous diseases from the standpoint of cerebral and spinal localization, and the later methods employed in the diagnosis and treatment of these affections . - small, and a difficulty seems to be experienced in flexingthe thigh upon the abdomen. The muscles of the calf exhibit early a firmness and increase in sizewhich is not proportionate to their motor force—as that is far belownormal. Soon they become excessively developed, as do also those ofthe buttock; while the other muscles of the leg commonly grow smallerfrom atrophic changes. ATTITUDES ASSUMED IN NERVOUS DISEASES. IG9 The
Lectures on nervous diseases from the standpoint of cerebral and spinal localization, and the later methods employed in the diagnosis and treatment of these affections . - small, and a difficulty seems to be experienced in flexingthe thigh upon the abdomen. The muscles of the calf exhibit early a firmness and increase in sizewhich is not proportionate to their motor force—as that is far belownormal. Soon they become excessively developed, as do also those ofthe buttock; while the other muscles of the leg commonly grow smallerfrom atrophic changes. ATTITUDES ASSUMED IN NERVOUS DISEASES. IG9 The Intissiinus dorsi and tlu lower part of tlic pectoralis majormuscles exhibit marked wasting in a very large percentage of cases. Insome instances all the striated muscular fibres of the body, includingeven the heart, may become affected. In apinal meningitis of the acute form the patient lies with the legsand thighs flexed, and show^s evidences of great suffering in the coun-tenance. The muscles of the neck are attacked by spasms which drawthe head backward. The patient dreads all movements, because theyincrease ])oth the pain and the spasms of the Fig. 5.).—Attitude Created by Atrophy of the Abdominal Muscles. (Bramwell.) Children affected with acute poliomyelitis are often delirious andhave febrile symptoms. The paralyzed limbs lie motionless and themuscles are flaccid. Tremors and twitchings in the facial muscles andthe tendons of the wrist are often observed, but they are the result of arapid elevation of the tem])erature rather than a symptom of this specialdisease. In progressive mvscular atrophy the bird-claw^ appearance of thefingers attracts attention at once (Fig. 43). When the muscles of thearm and forearm are badly wasted the limb hangs at the side in a help- 170 LECTURES ON XERVOFS DISEASES. less Ava}, as if it were tied to the liody l)y strings. If the muscles ofthe lumbar region be attacked the belly becomes slightly prominent andtense, and the bac
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