. Corea, the hermit nation : I. Ancient and mediaeval history. II. Political and social Corea. III. Modern and recent history. ho hadmigrated from Fuyu, and settled north and west of the upperwaters of the Yalu River. They entered into relations with theChinese as early as 9 , and coming into collision with them bythe year 70, they kept uj^ ^ fitful warfare with them, sustainingmighty invasions, until the seventh century, while in the mean-time Korai, instead of being crushed by China, grew in area andnumbers until the nation had spread into the peninsula, and over-mn it as far as the Han
. Corea, the hermit nation : I. Ancient and mediaeval history. II. Political and social Corea. III. Modern and recent history. ho hadmigrated from Fuyu, and settled north and west of the upperwaters of the Yalu River. They entered into relations with theChinese as early as 9 , and coming into collision with them bythe year 70, they kept uj^ ^ fitful warfare with them, sustainingmighty invasions, until the seventh century, while in the mean-time Korai, instead of being crushed by China, grew in area andnumbers until the nation had spread into the peninsula, and over-mn it as far as the Han River. Thus far the history of Corea has been that of the northernand western part of the peninsula, and has been derived chieflyfrom Chinese sources. We turn now to the southern and easternportions, and in narrating their history we shall point out theirrelations with Japan as well as with China, relying largely for ourinformation upon the Japanese annals. CHAPTEK IV. SAM-HAN, OR SOUTHERN COREA. At the time of the suppression of Cho-sen and the incorpora-tion of its territory with the Chinese Empire, 107, all Corea. Map of Sam-han in Southern Corea. south of the Ta-tong River was divided into three han, or geo-graphical divisions. Their exact boundaries are uncertain, buttheir general topography may be learned from the map. SAM-HAN, OR SOUTHERN COREA. 31 MA-HAN AND BEN-HAN. This little countiy included fifty-four tribes or clans, each oneindependent of the other, and living under a sort of patriarchalgovernment. The larger tribes are said to have been composedof ten thousand, and the smaller of a thousand, families numbers, however, in ancient records are worth little forcritical purjDoses. South of the Ma-han was the Ben-han, in which were twelvetribes, haAing the same manners and customs as the Ma-han, andspeaking a different yet kindred dialect. One of these clansformed the little kingdom of Amana, from which came the firstvisit of Coreans recorded in the Ja
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