. The Locomotive . Fig. I. — Formation of a Bubble. destroyed. Under these circumstances asevere momentary pressure is generated inthe region where the collision occurs, just. Fig. 2. — The CylindricalPlug of Water. 196 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [July. as there is when we bring a heavy sledge hammer down forciblyupon an anvil. If the moving water strikes directly against theboiler shell, the pressure is also exerted directly against the shell;while if the moving mass is stopped by colliding with anothermass of water, the pressure arises in the midst of the fluid, wherethe collision occurs. In the latter
. The Locomotive . Fig. I. — Formation of a Bubble. destroyed. Under these circumstances asevere momentary pressure is generated inthe region where the collision occurs, just. Fig. 2. — The CylindricalPlug of Water. 196 THE LOCOMOTIVE. [July. as there is when we bring a heavy sledge hammer down forciblyupon an anvil. If the moving water strikes directly against theboiler shell, the pressure is also exerted directly against the shell;while if the moving mass is stopped by colliding with anothermass of water, the pressure arises in the midst of the fluid, wherethe collision occurs. In the latter case, however, a pressure-waveis generated in the water, and this travels forward until it presentlycomes to bear against the shell of the boiler. In either case, there-fore, the shell will be subjected to a shock, as the result of the sud-den stoppage of the moving water; and under suitable conditionsthis shock may be very heavy indeed — quite sufficient, in fact,to rend the boiler in pieces. CONDITIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF WATER-HAMMER ACTION. It is plain, from what has been said, that the immediate con-ditions for the development of water-hammer action are tw
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