. Botany for young people and common schools. How plants grow, a simple introduction to structural botany. With a popular flora, or an arrangement and description of common plants, both wild and cultivated. Botany. INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF STEMS. 41 109. BulbletS are little bulbs, or fleshy buds, formed in the axils of leaves above ground, as in the Bulb-bearing Lilv. Or in some Leeks and Onions thej take the place of flower-buds. Falling off, they take root and grow into new plants. 110. TllC Internal Structure of Stems. Plants are composed of two kinds of ma- terial, namely. Cellular Tissue and
. Botany for young people and common schools. How plants grow, a simple introduction to structural botany. With a popular flora, or an arrangement and description of common plants, both wild and cultivated. Botany. INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF STEMS. 41 109. BulbletS are little bulbs, or fleshy buds, formed in the axils of leaves above ground, as in the Bulb-bearing Lilv. Or in some Leeks and Onions thej take the place of flower-buds. Falling off, they take root and grow into new plants. 110. TllC Internal Structure of Stems. Plants are composed of two kinds of ma- terial, namely. Cellular Tissue and ]Vood. The former makes the softer, fleshj-, luid pithy parts; the latter forms the harder, fibrous, or woody parts. The stems of herbs contain little wood, and nmch cellular tissue; those of shrubs and trees abound in the woody part. 111. There are two great classes of stems, which differ in the way the woody part is arranged in the cellular tissue. They are named the Exor/enouSj and the Endogenous. 112. For examples of the first class we may take a Bean-stalk, a stem of Flax, Sunflower, or the like, among herbs, and for woody stems any common stick of wood. For examples of the second class take an Asparagus-shoot or a Corn- stalk, and in trees a Palm-stem. These names express the different wavs in which the tv/o kinds ":rowin thickness when they live more than one year. But the difference between the tvv'o is almost as apparent the first year, and in the stems of herbs, which last only one year. 113. The Endogenous Stem. Endorjenous means "inside- ; Fig. 77 shows an Endogenous stem in a Corn- stalk, both in a cross-section, at the top, and also split down lengthwise. The peculiarity is that the is all in separate threads or bundles of fibres running lengtlnvise, and scattered amonsr the cellular tissue throufrliout the whole thickness of the stem. On the cross-section their cut ends appear as so many dots; in the slice lengthwise they show thems
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