. Biological order. Biology. VIRAL FUNCTIONS: ORDER AND DISORDER superimposed on the cellular order. As a consequence, the cellular order is perturbed, and the results may be as different as "lysogeny" when bacteria are concerned, or cancer when the mammalian cell is involved. Various aspects of viral order, viral functions, and cell/virus interactions will be discussed in this chapter. \^iRAL order: the infectious viral particle, or virion. The most general idea of a viral particle can be derived from the study of one of the simplest and smallest viruses. In order to simplify things
. Biological order. Biology. VIRAL FUNCTIONS: ORDER AND DISORDER superimposed on the cellular order. As a consequence, the cellular order is perturbed, and the results may be as different as "lysogeny" when bacteria are concerned, or cancer when the mammalian cell is involved. Various aspects of viral order, viral functions, and cell/virus interactions will be discussed in this chapter. \^iRAL order: the infectious viral particle, or virion. The most general idea of a viral particle can be derived from the study of one of the simplest and smallest viruses. In order to simplify things, to spare words, and to be modern, the infectious viral particle will be called virion, which means a unit of virus, according to recent Protein coat Subunit Nucleic acid Figure 24. Schematic Representation of a Viral Infectious Particle (Virion). The genetic material (nucleic acid) is folded and enclosed in a coat or capsid. The capsid is made of subunits, the capsomeres, arranged in an orderly fashion. The virus of poliomyelitis, the poliovirus, will be taken as a pro- totype of a virion. This virus has been obtained in a high degree of homogeneity and its chemical constitution established. It has been crystallized and its crystals studied by X-ray diffraction. The virion is a polyhedron. It is composed of a protein shell en- closing the nucleic acid (Figure 24). X-ray diffraction shows that [63]. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Lwoff, André, 1902-. Cambridge, M. I. T. Press
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