. Human physiology. Fig- 97-—Muscular Coat of the Stomach. External layer of longitudinal fibres,p, pylorus ; c, cardiac end ; ce, cesophagus. THE CESOPHAGUS AND STOMACH 101. Fig. 98. -Muscular Coat of the Stomach. Middle layer of circular fibres. The circular muscular fibres at the intestinal end of thestomach form a strong band which serves to keep the pylorusclosed. Such circular muscles are called sphincters (Gr. a tightband). This sphincter remains at first firmly closed during digestion;but, as the process continues, it slowly relaxes, thus allowing thedigested portions to passthrough in
. Human physiology. Fig- 97-—Muscular Coat of the Stomach. External layer of longitudinal fibres,p, pylorus ; c, cardiac end ; ce, cesophagus. THE CESOPHAGUS AND STOMACH 101. Fig. 98. -Muscular Coat of the Stomach. Middle layer of circular fibres. The circular muscular fibres at the intestinal end of thestomach form a strong band which serves to keep the pylorusclosed. Such circular muscles are called sphincters (Gr. a tightband). This sphincter remains at first firmly closed during digestion;but, as the process continues, it slowly relaxes, thus allowing thedigested portions to passthrough into the intestines;and, towards the termina-tion, it allows all the con- ^^5 * { \.tents of the stomach topass. The time during whichsubstances remain in thestomach varies consider-ably with the nature ofthe food and the methodof cooking. Usually it isnot less than one hour,and seldom more than fivehours. The mucous membrane of the stomach is smooth, level, andsoft, when the organ is moderately distended ; but is drawn upinto longitudinal folds when the stomach is empty. It consistsalmost entirely of minute glands, which secrete mucus to keepthe surface moist, and, dur
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