The laws and mechanics of circulation, with the principle involved in animal movement . chment of the temporal muscle(2); in the coronoid process (1); reduced.—Bougery, ebc. ing to force it downward and backward, the anterior portionsbeing immovable. Furthermore, he will find by palpatingthe masseters that there is increasing hardness, or the same aswith divarication in the jaw, and when fully opened the mus-cles seem as hard as iron, from afflux of nervous force in them ;and when making the experiment upon himself, a painful 474 DUALISM DEMONSTRATED. tension in the joint itself, as though end
The laws and mechanics of circulation, with the principle involved in animal movement . chment of the temporal muscle(2); in the coronoid process (1); reduced.—Bougery, ebc. ing to force it downward and backward, the anterior portionsbeing immovable. Furthermore, he will find by palpatingthe masseters that there is increasing hardness, or the same aswith divarication in the jaw, and when fully opened the mus-cles seem as hard as iron, from afflux of nervous force in them ;and when making the experiment upon himself, a painful 474 DUALISM DEMONSTRATED. tension in the joint itself, as though enduring great strain, whenthe mouth is opened to its widest extent. Finally, this action in the muscles would explain disloca-tion in the jaw from muscular action, and the special arrange-ments that obtain in the parts for obviating it, otherwiseinexplicable ; notably the existence and disposition of theexternal pterygoid muscles, one upon either side, for obviatingdisplacement ; otherwise inevitable. For example, the muscleextends almost horizontally between the zygomatic fossa and. Eig. 197.—The Zygomatic Arch and a Portion of the Ramus of the Jaw Removed,showing position of the pterygoid muscles.—Gray. the condyle of the jaw (Fig. Iy7)—a short, thick, powerfulmuscle, connecting the condyle with the superior maxillary,palate, and sphenoid bones, and spreading out widely overthem, so that it is conical in shape, the small end beinginserted into a depression in front of the neck of the condyle,and adjacent part of the inter-articular fibro-cartilage, thelarge end by two separate and broad insertions into the sphe-noid and superior maxillary bones, inclusive of the palatebone, so that an effective counter-force applies for retainingthe head of the bone in position in the downward and back- DU.\LISM DEMONSTRATED. 475 ward movements, which is the direction of the force inthe muscles for opening the month, and bnt for the action ofthe external pterygoids, strain and dislocati
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