. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture. PIV. pjSECTS.' UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE mm BULLETIN No. 262 '^§&iS*>'/ii^5 Contribution from the Bureau of Entomology L. O. HOWARD, Chief. JfURP^ Washington, D. C. ? July 19, 1915. THE PARANDRA BORER AS AN ORCHARD ENEMY. By Fred E. Brooks, Entomological Assistant, Deciduous-Fruit Insect Investigations. INTRODUCTION. During the past few years the larva of a medium-sized brown beetle, Parandra brunnea Fab., has attracted considerable attention as an enemy of trees of several widely separated species and of
. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture. PIV. pjSECTS.' UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE mm BULLETIN No. 262 '^§&iS*>'/ii^5 Contribution from the Bureau of Entomology L. O. HOWARD, Chief. JfURP^ Washington, D. C. ? July 19, 1915. THE PARANDRA BORER AS AN ORCHARD ENEMY. By Fred E. Brooks, Entomological Assistant, Deciduous-Fruit Insect Investigations. INTRODUCTION. During the past few years the larva of a medium-sized brown beetle, Parandra brunnea Fab., has attracted considerable attention as an enemy of trees of several widely separated species and of chestnut telephone and telegraph poles. The characteristic injury of the insect to trees is in the form of a multitude of tortuous larval galleries extending through a more or less restricted portion of the trunk or larger branches. The most destructive attacks usually occur in the trunk within a few feet from the ground, the work of the borers being followed quickly by the decay of the affected wood and fre- quently by the breaking down of the tree (PL I, fig. a) at the point of greatest injury. (PL I, fig. b.) Cultivated fruit trees are often injured by this borer, old apple, pear, and cherry trees being especially liable to attack. Hollow bases and decaying areas and cavities in the trunk and the conse- quent breaking and falling of weakened trees under the pressure of wind and snow are conditions quite commonly due in a large measure to the wTork of this insect. Injury is especially noticeable to trees growing in sunny, exposed positions, and the insect seems to be rather more abundant about villages and cities than in country districts, although both the larvae and adults are found in many dissimilar locations and under a variety of conditions. Tree surgeons and other persons who attempt to save and rejuve- nate fruit trees suffering from diseased and decaying trunks quite often encounter the Parandra borer and its work. In cleaning out Note.—This bulletin describes the
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