The Americana; a universal reference library, comprising the arts and sciences, literature, history, biography, geography, commerce, etc., of the world . under increased temperature be-comes very liquid bath in regard to the metaland slag. There is a lively action caused by theburning of the carnon which draws upoii theoxYfen in the and oxides dissolved in themetal. To hasten the removal of carbon, iron ore is added time to time which producesthe following reaction: CarbonCarbon Iron Ore di-oxide Iron 6 C. +2 = 3 CO= + 4 Fe. {I) C. + = CO. + 2 FeO(2) FeO + C. = CO. + F
The Americana; a universal reference library, comprising the arts and sciences, literature, history, biography, geography, commerce, etc., of the world . under increased temperature be-comes very liquid bath in regard to the metaland slag. There is a lively action caused by theburning of the carnon which draws upoii theoxYfen in the and oxides dissolved in themetal. To hasten the removal of carbon, iron ore is added time to time which producesthe following reaction: CarbonCarbon Iron Ore di-oxide Iron 6 C. +2 = 3 CO= + 4 Fe. {I) C. + = CO. + 2 FeO(2) FeO + C. = CO. + Fe. The reduced metallic iron entering the bath,adding to the yield of metal while the gaseouscarbon bubbling through the bath keeps it mov-ing and so promotes homogeneity, an advantagein favor of any open hearth process. When thecarbon removal has proceeded to any desiredpoint as indicated by the fractured appearanceof test pieces taken at intervals, the metal istapped out of the furnace by breaking open thetapping hole with an iron bar previously closed,before charging, with some suitable refractorymaterial. While the metal is flowing into a pre-. Fic. 7.— FoRTEH Reversing show direction of intake and outgoing to left indicates: To furnace through regen-erator chambers. .\rrows to right indicates: Fromfurnace through regenerator chambers to stack. heated clay-lined ladle measured quantities ofeither spiegcleiscn or ferro-manganese are addedwhich have a cleansing efl^ec^ upon the are alloys of iron ant. manganese eachcarrying respectively 20 per cent and80 per centof manganese wit:i about to per cent ofcarbon. It is possible to stop the refining proc-ess at any time, and by using varying auantitiesof the substances just named known as de-ox-idizers or recarbonizers, there is offered a pos-sibility of producing numerous grades of any additions of manganese at the endof an open hearth operation the metal would becharged
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