. Anthropology. oramen, the best are those of Hamy and Busk. The following table shows the maximum, the minimum, and themean which the alveolo-condylean plane has presented when takenby itself, in three series subjected to examination :* Maximum, Minimum. Mean. 12 ... + 3-29 .. - 8-44 .. - 0-90 12 Mongola ... + 8-63 .. 0-00 .. + 3-65 12 Negroea ... + 8-44 .. , - 4-02 .. - 0-10 * Sur le Plan Horizontal de la TSte, by M. Paid Broca, in BuU. , 2nd series, vol. viii., 1873. 268 CRANIOMETRICAL DKAWINGS. [Chat. iii. Bofoio ontiusting a skull to a drauglitsman to doliiical
. Anthropology. oramen, the best are those of Hamy and Busk. The following table shows the maximum, the minimum, and themean which the alveolo-condylean plane has presented when takenby itself, in three series subjected to examination :* Maximum, Minimum. Mean. 12 ... + 3-29 .. - 8-44 .. - 0-90 12 Mongola ... + 8-63 .. 0-00 .. + 3-65 12 Negroea ... + 8-44 .. , - 4-02 .. - 0-10 * Sur le Plan Horizontal de la TSte, by M. Paid Broca, in BuU. , 2nd series, vol. viii., 1873. 268 CRANIOMETRICAL DKAWINGS. [Chat. iii. Bofoio ontiusting a skull to a drauglitsman to doliiical-n itscontours geometrically with tlir aid of sjiccial instrumonts, or toa(<t ott its projections in a diroct manniT, tlio first tiling is to placoit in suoli a way that all tho parts avo symmetrical, and that itrests on the horizontal piano jmssing across tho inferior surface ofthe occipital condyles and tho inferior border of tho alveolar drawings of Blumenbach and many others aiO almost valueless,. Fia. 31.—Storoogmph of It. llvmii. I liu skull in jilinoil on tlio cniuiophoro in tho inwitionBhowu in iho dmwiuflr. The siiino support, if tui-iiod, huvvuh for tlio vlows in frontand boliind, A spodal hiipport in suoBtitutcd -wlion wo wlwh to hiivo ilniwiiigMaooording to tlio iwimti vcvHcalls of tho suporioi or iiifoiior eiirfuoo of tho skull. owing to the want of this jirecaution. Those of Trichard are fre-quently ill contradiction to his text, for tho same rciison. Among tho instruments hy the he]]) of which drawings by jiro-jection are obtained, some are only capable of giving the j)riiici]mlpoints, the operator completing tho figuii! as ^\?ell as he can. Suchare the apparatus of Campcu and Leach. Others require scarcely OiiAP. ni.] PROJECTIONS OF THE CRANIUM. 269 any skill on the part of tho operator, as the diopter of Lucaj, thedeKtiimthiir Jwrizontal, the diagraph of Gavart, tho craniographand stereograph of Broca. 1hc last three arc to be diagra
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