. Electronic apparatus for biological research. Electronic apparatus and appliances; Biology -- Research. TRANSDUCERS TRANSDUCERS FOR CONTINUOUS ROTATION All the devices described in this section lie within the field of servomechanism engineering. Since this field is a particularly wide and diflicult one, a brief description will be given of only those devices which might have some application in biological research. Thus for servomotors and generators, rotating amplifiers and special-purpose servo techniques, the reader should consult the extensive literature now available on servomechan
. Electronic apparatus for biological research. Electronic apparatus and appliances; Biology -- Research. TRANSDUCERS TRANSDUCERS FOR CONTINUOUS ROTATION All the devices described in this section lie within the field of servomechanism engineering. Since this field is a particularly wide and diflicult one, a brief description will be given of only those devices which might have some application in biological research. Thus for servomotors and generators, rotating amplifiers and special-purpose servo techniques, the reader should consult the extensive literature now available on servomechanisms'^'^'^. Before discussing rotating devices under the headings of m-e and e-m transducers, systems which might formally be called mechano-electro- mechanical will be described under their more usual name of 'synchronous links'. Synchronous links It is frequently necessary to transmit shaft rotations over paths so long or tortuous that flexible shafts or belts are impracticable. For these purposes pairs of electrically interconnected devices known as synchronous links are available. These may be used in very low-power applications, such as for driving indicating pointers, or where considerable power is transmitted; the underlying principles are similar. synchronous links—The Desynn is illustrated in Figure The Transmitter Receiver. Figure The Desynn variation of current in the three windings of the receiver due to the rotation of the transmitter shaft causes the receiver shaft to turn synchronously. Desynns are useful only as low-power links, and are commonly used for indicating the position of a shaft remotely. The M-motor {Figure ) uses a similar receiver configuration, but moves discontinuously in 12 steps per revolution. Quite high power may be transmitted by devices of this type. Torques of 150 g-cm and speeds up to 200 rev/min can be achieved with an M-motor of 2 in. diameter and 2 in. long. When step-wise motion is of no consequence, as for ins
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