. Steel rails; their history, properties, strength and manufacture, with notes on the principles of rolling stock and track design . meter observations withoutarresting the locomotive in all cases, taking the readings as the locomotivepassed slowly over the rail. In this manner the strains developed were measured,an elongation of the metal showing tensile stress, and a contraction in the gaugedlength showing compressive stress. The measured strains were reduced to stresses per square inch, assumingthe modulus of elasticity of the steel to be 30,000,000 pounds per square inch,and correcting the
. Steel rails; their history, properties, strength and manufacture, with notes on the principles of rolling stock and track design . meter observations withoutarresting the locomotive in all cases, taking the readings as the locomotivepassed slowly over the rail. In this manner the strains developed were measured,an elongation of the metal showing tensile stress, and a contraction in the gaugedlength showing compressive stress. The measured strains were reduced to stresses per square inch, assumingthe modulus of elasticity of the steel to be 30,000,000 pounds per square inch,and correcting the observed strains in order to obtain the maximum fiber stresses, * House Documents, Vol. 46, 54th Congress, 1st Session, 1895-96. No. 54, Tests of Metals. 226 STEEL RAILS on the further assumption that the strains were proportional to their distancefrom the neutral axis of the rail. Fig. 165 shows the micrometer in position on the base of the rail, underthe driving wheel of a locomotive. The depression of the rails was measured by means of a sensitive levelbubble, mounted on a rod, carrying at one end a screw micrometer, which. Fig. 165.—Railroad Track Experiments. View showing Micrometer for Measuring Strains in Rails, in Position on Base of Rail under Driving Wheel. rested on a stake driven in the roadbed 30 inches from the rail; the other endof the rod rested upon the base of the rail. The depression of the track wasthus measured with reference to the top of the stake used as a bench this series it was necessary to arrest the movement of the locomotive ateach observation. The slope tests, or inclination of the rails, were made by means of a sensitivelevel bubble mounted on a frame 12 inches long. At one end of the frame there STRESSES IN THE RAIL 227 was a fixed supporting rod having a conical point; at the other end there was ascrew micrometer, the contact end of which was also made with a conical point. In the use of this instrument, two center punch marks, 12 in
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookidsteelrailsth, bookyear1913
