. The Canadian field-naturalist. Natural history. 2003 Sears, Theberge, Theberge, Thornton, and Campbell: Coyote-Wolf Hybrids 591. Figure 1. Six study sites (shaded polygons) in the Frontenac Axis region of southeastern Ontario. (Martes pennanti), Marten {Martes americana), Rac- coon (Procyon lotor), Groundhog (Marmota monax), Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) and Black Bear (Ursus amer- icanus), as well as smaller mammals including Snow- shoe Hare (Lepus americanus), Eastern Cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus), Mink (Mustela vison), Eastern Chipmunk (Tamias striatus) and numerous species of microtine ro
. The Canadian field-naturalist. Natural history. 2003 Sears, Theberge, Theberge, Thornton, and Campbell: Coyote-Wolf Hybrids 591. Figure 1. Six study sites (shaded polygons) in the Frontenac Axis region of southeastern Ontario. (Martes pennanti), Marten {Martes americana), Rac- coon (Procyon lotor), Groundhog (Marmota monax), Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) and Black Bear (Ursus amer- icanus), as well as smaller mammals including Snow- shoe Hare (Lepus americanus), Eastern Cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus), Mink (Mustela vison), Eastern Chipmunk (Tamias striatus) and numerous species of microtine rodents (Dobbyn 1994). Parts of the study region and individual sites are recognized as Deer wintering areas (Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources [OMNR] unpublished data). Moose (Alces alces), at the southern edge of their range in Ontario, occur at very low densities (< - Moose/km2) in the study region (OMNR 1997; OMNR unpublished data, 1995-1996 and 1996-1997 aerial surveys) and are likely the only wild prey species not common in all sites. Domestic livestock are present in all sites except Dacre and Grimsthorpe; carcasses were used as bait for Canis by hunters in some other sites, making it difficult to use scat analysis to distinguish direct livestock predation from carrion or bait feeding. Methods Landscape Assessment Roads were digitized from recent (1987 - 1996) Na- tural Resources Canada 1:50 000 topographic maps using ARC/INFO (Environmental Systems Research Institute [ESRI], Redlands, California) and classed into two categories: (I) all-season roads in- cluding all public, paved and unpaved roads passable year-round by two-wheel-drive vehicle; and (2) sea sonal roads and trails (not necessarily open to public use) including unpaved, unimproved roads, forestry roads, trails and rail-trails. Site area and linear road distance (, sum of lengths of roads) were summar- ized using ARCVIEW (ESRI, Redlands, Califor- nia) and used to calculate two ro
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