. Compendium of meteorology. Meteorology. ARCTIC METEOROLOGY 947 4-km isobars [14] and to the new series of Historical Weather Maps, for additional support of the height increases required over the Oldiotsk and Bering Seas. The air flow over northern arctic America, and over the Siberian Arctic, is seen to be predominantly cy- clonic at the 700-mb level in July, closely corresponding to the gradient circulation derived from average sea- level pressure. Wealv anticyclonic flow is frequently ob- served over the northeast Greenland-Fridtjof Nansen Land area and western sections of the American Ar
. Compendium of meteorology. Meteorology. ARCTIC METEOROLOGY 947 4-km isobars [14] and to the new series of Historical Weather Maps, for additional support of the height increases required over the Oldiotsk and Bering Seas. The air flow over northern arctic America, and over the Siberian Arctic, is seen to be predominantly cy- clonic at the 700-mb level in July, closely corresponding to the gradient circulation derived from average sea- level pressure. Wealv anticyclonic flow is frequently ob- served over the northeast Greenland-Fridtjof Nansen Land area and western sections of the American Arctic, but is rare and of brief duration over northern Baffin Bay. Jamiary. The major revisions appearing in the new 700-mb chart for January (Fig. 6) are directly related vertical structure of arctic air over the Canadian Arch- ipelago during the different seasons of the year is shown by the average soundings for July, October, January, and April, which are plotted in Fig. Fig. 6.—Average 700-mb contours (ft) and isotherms (°C) during January. to the areas of excessive sea-level pressure, as previously noted over northern Baffin Bay and over the Kara Sea, on the Weather Bureau "normal" map. With the in- troduction of more realistic perturbations in the circum- polar westerfies over these areas came an equally logical intensification and southward displacement of the east Asiatic cyclonic cell. It is suggested that the intensity of the American cefl will be exceeded by that of the Asiatic cell only during the anomalous absence, or com- plete enclosure, of the Barents-Kara perturbation. The cold-season cyclonic circulation over northern arctic America, being mainly a dynamic system of cold dry air, is relatively cloud free except during periods of reintensification. SEASONAL VARIATIONS IN ARCTIC AIR Variations over Northern Arctic America. The fore- going summary of average circulation patterns, and the geographical location of the American Arctic, indicate that
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