. Soils, their properties and management . a distinctbacterium, but the bacteria are closely related. Collec-tively they are called nitrobacteria. Nitrosomonas andNitrosococcus are the bacteria concerned in the conver-sion of ammonia into nitrous acid or nitrites. The formerare supposed to be characteristic of European, and thelatter of American, soils. They are sometimes referredto as nitrous ferments. Nitrobacter are those bacteria that convert nitritesinto nitrates. They are also designated nitric seem to be some difierences in bacteria from dif-ferent soils, but the differen
. Soils, their properties and management . a distinctbacterium, but the bacteria are closely related. Collec-tively they are called nitrobacteria. Nitrosomonas andNitrosococcus are the bacteria concerned in the conver-sion of ammonia into nitrous acid or nitrites. The formerare supposed to be characteristic of European, and thelatter of American, soils. They are sometimes referredto as nitrous ferments. Nitrobacter are those bacteria that convert nitritesinto nitrates. They are also designated nitric seem to be some difierences in bacteria from dif-ferent soils, but the differences are slight and the condi-tions favoring the actions of the bacteria are similar. Itis also true that the conditions favoring the action ofNitrosomonas and Nitrobacter are similar, and theyare generally found in the same soils, although some TEE NITROGEN CYCLE 449 experiments show that in the same soil nitrites maysometimes accumulate, indicating conditions more favor-able to the development of the Nitrosomonas bacteria. *■ To amma/. Green /^arm /y~ee /?/^rofe// como/ex /V- compounJT—,— 4- ^MMon/ncA r/ON Fig. 61.—Diagrammatic representation of the movements of nitrogenbetween soil, plant, animal, and atmosphere. This has been termedthe nitrogen cycle. The formation of nitrates usually follows closely on theproduction of nitrites, so that there is rarely more thana trace of the latter to be found in soils. A soil favorableto the process of nitrification is usually well adapted toall the processes of nitrogen transformation. Marked differences have been found in the nitrifyingpower of bacteria from different soils. Highly productivesoils have generally been found to contain bacteria havinggreater nitrifying efficiency than those from less produc-tive soils, but this may not always be the case, as otherfactors may limit the productiveness. 369. Effect of organic matter on nitrification. — Apeculiarity in the artificial culture of nitrifying bacteria2g 450 SOILS: PROPE
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