. Railroad construction, theory and practice; a text-book for the use of students in colleges and technical schools . V V V V ^ V t::* ^- v^ Am^^ are then mutually held by stay-bolts/^ See Fig. 189. Theseare about | in diameter and spaced 4 to 4^. The A hole,drilled Uf deep, indicated in the figure, will allow the escape §403. ROLLING-STOCK, 437 of steam if the bolt breaks just behind the plate, and thus callsattention to the break. The stay-bolts are turned down to adiameter equal to that at the root of the screw-threads. Thismethod of supporting the fire-box sheets is used for the twosides,
. Railroad construction, theory and practice; a text-book for the use of students in colleges and technical schools . V V V V ^ V t::* ^- v^ Am^^ are then mutually held by stay-bolts/^ See Fig. 189. Theseare about | in diameter and spaced 4 to 4^. The A hole,drilled Uf deep, indicated in the figure, will allow the escape §403. ROLLING-STOCK, 437 of steam if the bolt breaks just behind the plate, and thus callsattention to the break. The stay-bolts are turned down to adiameter equal to that at the root of the screw-threads. Thismethod of supporting the fire-box sheets is used for the twosides, the entire rear, and for the front of the fire-box up to theboiler-barrel. The furnace tube-sheet^—the upper part ofthe front of the fire-box—is stayed by the tubes. But the topof the fire-box is troublesome. It must always be coveredwith water so that it will not be burned^ by the intense must therefore be nearly, if not quite, flat. There are threegeneral methods of accomplishing Fig. 192.—**Belpaire through AB. Half-section through CD. (a) Radial stays. This construction is indicated in Fig. there is also shown the diagonal braces for resist-ing the pressure on the back end of the boiler above the fire-box. It may be seen that the stays are not perpendicular toeither the crown-sheet or the boiler-plate. This is objection-able and is obviated by the other methods. (b) Crown-bars. These bars are in pairs, rest on the sidefurnace-plates, and are further supported by stays. See (c) Belpaire fire-box. The boiler above the fire-box is rect-angular, with rounded corners. The stays therefore arc per-pendicular to the plates. See Fig. 192. Fire-brick arches. These are used, as shown in Fig. 193, toforce all the gases to circulate through the upper part of the fire-box. Perfect combustion requires that all the carbon shall be turnedinto carbon dioxide, and this is facihtated by the forced circulation. 438 RAILROAD C
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