. An encyclopaedia of architecture, historical, theoretical, & practical. New ed., rev., portions rewritten, and with additions by Wyatt Papworth. re raised, whose« ills consist otflies laid hori/on-t illy, but kept per-pendicularly over(. ich other, tlie al-tL mate layers yok-ing the lie level iiiter- stULS, which the thickness of the trees .»lteinatel\ le i\e, is Idled in « ith ehijis and a similar principle they form their roofs, except that gradually reducing the length ofthe trees which traverse from side to side, tliey assume a iiyrainidal form. Tliey arecovered with boug
. An encyclopaedia of architecture, historical, theoretical, & practical. New ed., rev., portions rewritten, and with additions by Wyatt Papworth. re raised, whose« ills consist otflies laid hori/on-t illy, but kept per-pendicularly over(. ich other, tlie al-tL mate layers yok-ing the lie level iiiter- stULS, which the thickness of the trees .»lteinatel\ le i\e, is Idled in « ith ehijis and a similar principle they form their roofs, except that gradually reducing the length ofthe trees which traverse from side to side, tliey assume a iiyrainidal form. Tliey arecovered with boughs, and thus, after a rude fashion of vaulting, their quadrilateral roofs areformed. The northern parts of Germany, Poland, and Russia still exhibit traces of thismethod of building, which is also found in Florida, Louisiana, and elsewhere, in various(ilaccs See fin. 2. 6. We shall not, in this place, pursue the discussion on the timber hut, which liascertainly, with great ajipearance of jiroliability, lieen so often said to contain within it tli«types of Grecian architecture, but shall, under that head, enlarge further on the Skct. sorts of dwellings arising from different occupations. 7. The construction of the early habitations of mankind required little skill and as littleknowledge. A very restricted number of tools and machines was required. The metiiodof felling timber, which uncivilised nations still use, namely, by fire, might have served allpiir|)oses at first. The next step would be the shaping of hard and iiifrangli)le stones intocutting tools, as is still the practice in some jiarts of the continent of .America. These, asthe metals became known, would be sui)i)laiited by tools formed of them. Among theIVnivians, at their invasion by the Si)aniards, the only tools in use were the hatchet andthe adze ; and we may fairly assume that similar tools were the only ones known at aperiod of high antiquity. The saw, nails, the hammer, and other i
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