. The elements of botany for beginners and for schools. Botany. the papery pods arranged like a star in the core really belonging to the carpels. The iVuit of the Hawthorn is a drupaceous pome, something be- tween pome and drupe. 355. Of fruits wliieh are externally fleshy and internally hard the lead- ing kind is 350. The Drupe, or Stone-fruit; of which the cherry, plum, and peach (Fig. 375) are familiar examples. In this the outer part of the thickness of the pericarp I)e- comes fleshy, or softens like a berry, while the inner hardens, like a nut. From the way in which the pistil is construc
. The elements of botany for beginners and for schools. Botany. the papery pods arranged like a star in the core really belonging to the carpels. The iVuit of the Hawthorn is a drupaceous pome, something be- tween pome and drupe. 355. Of fruits wliieh are externally fleshy and internally hard the lead- ing kind is 350. The Drupe, or Stone-fruit; of which the cherry, plum, and peach (Fig. 375) are familiar examples. In this the outer part of the thickness of the pericarp I)e- comes fleshy, or softens like a berry, while the inner hardens, like a nut. From the way in which the pistil is constructed, it is evident that the fleshy part here answers to the lower, and the stone to the upper face of the component leaf. The layers or concentric portions of a drupe, or of any pericarp which is thus separable, are named, when thus distinguishable iulo three portions,— Epicarp, the external layer, often the mere skin of the fruit, Mesocarp, the middle layer, which is commonly the fleshy part, and Endocarp, tbe innermost layer, the stone. But more conmiouly only two portions of a drupe are distinguished, and are named, the outer one Sarcocarp or Exocarp, for the flesh, the first name referring to the fleshy character, the second to its being an external layer; and Putameii or Endocarp, the Stone, within. 357. The typical or true drupe is of a single carpel. But, not to multiply technical names, this name is extended to all such fruits wlien fleshy without and stony within, although of compound pistil, — even to those having several or separable stones, such as the fruit of Holly. These stones in such drupes, or drupaceous fruits, are called Pyrenee, or Nucules, or simply Nutlets of the drupe. 358. Of Dry fruits, there is a greater diversity of kinds hav- ing distinct names. The indehis- cent sorts are commonly one- seeded. 350. The Akene or Ache- nium is a small, dry and indchis- cent one-seeded fruit, often so seed-like in appearance that it is popularly taken for a naked
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1880, booksubjectbotany, bookyear1887
