. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club. Bulletin 29 Vol. 85 (fig 6), It would appear from these studies that the nest advertisement display of the latter species, and wing-quivering display, can be directly related to similar displays in the weavers of the genera Ploceus and Quelea. In his studies of weaver birds Crook recognises several different types of pair formation—in a few species completed before the male leads the female to the nest; in others begun away from the nest but finished there, and in the most advanced social species nest invitation display occurs at the unfin
. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club. Bulletin 29 Vol. 85 (fig 6), It would appear from these studies that the nest advertisement display of the latter species, and wing-quivering display, can be directly related to similar displays in the weavers of the genera Ploceus and Quelea. In his studies of weaver birds Crook recognises several different types of pair formation—in a few species completed before the male leads the female to the nest; in others begun away from the nest but finished there, and in the most advanced social species nest invitation display occurs at the unfinished nest and acceptance of the nest by the female occurs at the commencement of pair formation (Crook 1960b). Crook earlier suggested (1957-8) that the last type evolved from the earlier ones in colonial nesting species in open savannah-type country, although more recently (1962b) he has pointed out that the direction of evolution in the Ploceinae is not established. If Crook's earlier conclusions were correct then the sparrows of the genus Passer show this highly evolved type of nest advertisement. Fie;.' display although they are not so markedly sociable as the weavers already mentioned, and one must either assume that at some stage they have evolved through similar behavioural patterns, or that they have diverged from the weavers at a point where this form of behaviour had already been evolved. The latter would seem to be the more likely whether this stage of display in weavers is highly evolved or of a basic type. It would be o^ interest to have more detailed information of the displays of the other genera that are grouped with Passer in the Passerinae. Within the genus Passer this nest advertisement display has become modified in different species. In the Golden-headed Sparrow Passer luteus, studied by Kunkel (1961), the male gathers a mass oi^ large twigs into a heap in which the nest will subsequently be built. The male displays by this in a crouching position, the b
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