Essentials of United States history . r the leadership ^*.^*®of Calhoun, Jackson, and Crawford, opposed thetwo chief tenets of the governing party and held to thedoctrine of state rights and thelimited powers of the Federal gov-ernment. The party in powerwas now known as National Re-publicans, and the followers ofJackson and Calhoun were calledDemocrats. A few years laterthe National Republicans tookthe name of the Whig party. 273. The Deaths of two Ex-Presidents. — John Adams, thesecond President, and ThomasJefferson, the third President, died ,, , 1 A A ^ cnn J^^N QuiNCY AdAMS. on the same d
Essentials of United States history . r the leadership ^*.^*®of Calhoun, Jackson, and Crawford, opposed thetwo chief tenets of the governing party and held to thedoctrine of state rights and thelimited powers of the Federal gov-ernment. The party in powerwas now known as National Re-publicans, and the followers ofJackson and Calhoun were calledDemocrats. A few years laterthe National Republicans tookthe name of the Whig party. 273. The Deaths of two Ex-Presidents. — John Adams, thesecond President, and ThomasJefferson, the third President, died ,, , 1 A A ^ cnn J^^N QuiNCY AdAMS. on the same day, July 4, 1826, the fiftieth anniversary of the adoption of the Ameiican Dec-laration of Independence. Just before his death, Adams said,Thomas Jefferson still sur\dves. But Jefferson had alreadyexpired. 274. The New Tariff of 1828.—The idea of protectionto home industries was now supported by the majority inCongress, and that body passed a new tariff law of high pro-tective duties. The duties on wool and hemp, lead, iron, and. 226 ESSENTIALS OF UNITED STATES HISTORY molasses, were very high. The bill, as passed, satisfied no-body, but was a coniproniisc between the different sections of the country. It came to be calledthe Tariff of Abominations. Itwas especially disliked by theSouthern states. Calhoun, whowas then Vice-President, proposedthat South Carohna pronouncethe act null and void in thatstate. 275. Presidential Election(1828).— The National Repub-lican party nominated Adams forPresident, and Richard Rush ofPennsylvania for candidates of the Democraticparty were Jackson and Calhoun. Jackson received abouttwice as many votes as Adams and was elected. Both JohnQuincy Adams and his father were able and patriotic men,but neither of them was a popular or successful politician.
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