. Intensive farming and use of dynamite . ted and worked out, but none of them has been successful oreconomical without the use of dynamite. When explosives areproperly used, stumps and boulders are not only blasted out of theground, but are at the same time broken into pieces which can beeasily handled—burned, if stumps, or, if boulders, used for build-ing roads, etc. When a stump is properly blasted, but little of the soil is thrownout with it, and it is not necessary to spend time and money clearingthe earth from the roots, and filling a great hole in the ground, asmust be done when the stu


. Intensive farming and use of dynamite . ted and worked out, but none of them has been successful oreconomical without the use of dynamite. When explosives areproperly used, stumps and boulders are not only blasted out of theground, but are at the same time broken into pieces which can beeasily handled—burned, if stumps, or, if boulders, used for build-ing roads, etc. When a stump is properly blasted, but little of the soil is thrownout with it, and it is not necessary to spend time and money clearingthe earth from the roots, and filling a great hole in the ground, asmust be done when the stump is taken out with a stump puller. 13 HANDBOOK OF EXPLOSIVES Neither is any special fertilization of the spot formerly occupiedby the stump necessary to bring it into proper crop-bearing condi-tion, as must be done after a stump has been burned out. Only a very small outlay is necessary at one time when explo-sives are used, and one man can work with them just as well as adozen or a hundred. When the proper explosive is selected, and. A FIVE-FOOT DIAMETER WASHINGTON FIR WINDFALL SHOWINGTHE ENORMOUS SPREAD OF THE ROOTS when it is used in the right way, there is no cheaper method of get-ting rid of stumps or boulders. There are many kinds of dynamite, each expressly intended todo a particular kind of work, and as the conditions under whichstumps and boulders are blasted differ widely, it is not possible torecommend any one grade for general use. 14 CLEARING THE LAND On the Pacific Slope, where the stumps are of great size, stump-ing powder is the favorite, but in other parts of this country, wherethe stumps are smaller, dynamite is used almost exclusively. It is equally difficult to state accurately, the quantity or strengthof the explosive necessary to blast out a stump of a given is because the size of the stump is not the only factor, andperhaps not even the most important one, to consider when esti-mating the charge required. Whether the soil in which the st


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