. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. Zoology. / male mandible stabilized in an intermediate type male mandible stabilized in extreme niger type hyperparasitic on Chthonolasius: queen head broadens, metopleurot gland reduced & guard hairs lost in queen 8 male. male mandible stabilized in the extreme niger type subterranean: worker eyes & pigment reduced EVOLUTION AFTER AMBER TIMES \ » \ \ pdVasitic on subg. Lasius: % queen heod broadens, metapleurol gland \ reduced in all castes, subterranean: \ worker eyes 8 pigment reduced \ \ \ L. () \ VOLUTION
. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. Zoology. / male mandible stabilized in an intermediate type male mandible stabilized in extreme niger type hyperparasitic on Chthonolasius: queen head broadens, metopleurot gland reduced & guard hairs lost in queen 8 male. male mandible stabilized in the extreme niger type subterranean: worker eyes & pigment reduced EVOLUTION AFTER AMBER TIMES \ » \ \ pdVasitic on subg. Lasius: % queen heod broadens, metapleurol gland \ reduced in all castes, subterranean: \ worker eyes 8 pigment reduced \ \ \ L. () \ VOLUTION BEFORE OR OURING AMBER TIMES (L.(L.) schiefferdeckeri femole offset mandibular tooth lost 1 nemorivogus \ -. — v introspecitic variability of ~ • mole mandible expands to ^include extreme niger type S PROTOTYPIC LASIUS closely approached by the living species sitkaensis Fig. 2. Phylogeny •within Lasius. Further explanation in the text. of Dendrolasius and appears sporadically on L. umbratus (Nyl.), which species is in other characters the most generalized mem- ber of Chthonolasius. The form of the male mandible ("sitkaen- sis type", p. 37) is shared with Chthonolasius; Cautolasius shows within its membership all gradations from this type to the "niger type"; L. (L.) brunneus (Latr.) has an intermediate. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Harvard University. Museum of Comparative Zoology. Cambridge, Mass. : The Museum
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