. Cyclopedia of farm animals. Domestic animals; Animal products. HORSE HORSE 459 advantage. The common colors are bay, brown or black. Considering the mixed breeding followed in evolving the French coach, it is exceptionally uni- form in type, a result due likely to the uniformity in the standards of the men who as directors have control of the government breeding operations. The greatest success in producing the most handsome and stylish carriage or coach horses has been by using mares approaching as nearly as pos- sible the type desired, with as much quality and action as possible. /, The tr
. Cyclopedia of farm animals. Domestic animals; Animal products. HORSE HORSE 459 advantage. The common colors are bay, brown or black. Considering the mixed breeding followed in evolving the French coach, it is exceptionally uni- form in type, a result due likely to the uniformity in the standards of the men who as directors have control of the government breeding operations. The greatest success in producing the most handsome and stylish carriage or coach horses has been by using mares approaching as nearly as pos- sible the type desired, with as much quality and action as possible. /, The trotting type.—The production of the Jj$_ trotting type for many purposes has been encouraged since 1836, when the French gov- ernment began offering prizes for trotting races, with the special object of encouraging long- distance trotting, more especially under the saddle. The races are usually for distances varying from two to three miles, and are run over sod ground. The records are established by the kilometre, which is about five-eighths of a mile, without reference to whether the race extended one or three miles. They are made under saddle from a standing start and carrying not less than 120 pounds. As might be expected, those of the trotting type are racier in appearance, being somewhat like our own trot- ters, finely drawn, more angular than the coach type, rangier in appearance and somewhat better in quality. A horse of stamina and substance, as well as speed, is required, for it is to be remem- bered that the races are for long distances over turf, which demands strong, bold going and pow- erful action. [Speed records and races are discussed on the following page.] History. In the latter part of the seventeenth century, the French government, by establishing the Adminis- tration des Haras, began the systematic improve- ment of their horses, and as early as 1690 there were 1,600 stallions known as "royal" or "ap- ; During the many years of di
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