. Chambers's encyclopaedia; a dictionary of universal knowledge. hat the cn)ws caw andthe laughing jackass laughs, that the mocking-birdimitates and the jiarrot becoiues able to articulate,and above all that the lark trills and the nightin-gale tnily sings, are well-known illustrati(ms of thevariety of bird language. The weird cry of thecurlew or whaup, tiie iiRlanclndy voice of the .sea-mew, the gabble of ducks, the crowing of the cock,the .soft cooing of the ilove, the hoarse voice ofthe corncrake, the ecstatic melody of the bolxdink,the cheerful notes of the blackbird, the educatedmusic of
. Chambers's encyclopaedia; a dictionary of universal knowledge. hat the cn)ws caw andthe laughing jackass laughs, that the mocking-birdimitates and the jiarrot becoiues able to articulate,and above all that the lark trills and the nightin-gale tnily sings, are well-known illustrati(ms of thevariety of bird language. The weird cry of thecurlew or whaup, tiie iiRlanclndy voice of the .sea-mew, the gabble of ducks, the crowing of the cock,the .soft cooing of the ilove, the hoarse voice ofthe corncrake, the ecstatic melody of the bolxdink,the cheerful notes of the blackbird, the educatedmusic of the canary, are again a random selectionof instances from an almost infinite medley. It isamong the .so-called perchei-s, .songsters, or Inses-sores, that we lind song really develojied, and thatfor the most ]>art in the males, and in highest<legree at breeding time. Though the notes arenot musically pure, many bird songs have beenexpressed in musical notation, and every one isfamiliar with imitations in word form. In mammals the voice is produced by the. 12. — SjTinx ofTlirush : c, iutcriKil tyiiii>.iiiif irminembnuic ; il, musclese, nerve siipiilyinimuscles. mechanism of vocal chords situated in the larynxat the top of the windjiipe. In birds these vocalchords are never present, but their absence by the development of a sing-box(or syrinx) at the base of the windpipe. In somecases the sing-box is wholly produced from thebase of the windpipe (or trachea)— in T/icnii-iiophtl-^ and American ; in a few casestht mechanism is conlined to the beginning of thebronchial tubes ( .ifc(ttoniis); in the greatmajority of songsters thesyrinx includes the base ofthe trachea and the topsof the two bronchi. Themechanism is a very variableone, and even in its simjilestforms not to be understoodby any verbal descriptionunaccompanied by dissectionof a few typical singers. Totake a tyi)ical example of alower larynx or syrinx ofthe last and commonest
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, bookpublisherlondo, bookyear1901
