. The elements of botany for beginners and for schools. Botany. ries, blackberries, the Magaolia fruit, etc. Moreover, the ripened product of many flowers may be compacted or grown together so as to form a single compound fruit- 347. Its kinds have therefore to be distinguished. Also various names of common use in descriptive botany have to be mentioned and defined. 348. In respect to composition, accordingly, fruits may be classified into Simple, those which result from the ripening of a single pistil, and con- sist only of the matured ovary, either by itself, as in a cherry, or with calyx-tu
. The elements of botany for beginners and for schools. Botany. ries, blackberries, the Magaolia fruit, etc. Moreover, the ripened product of many flowers may be compacted or grown together so as to form a single compound fruit- 347. Its kinds have therefore to be distinguished. Also various names of common use in descriptive botany have to be mentioned and defined. 348. In respect to composition, accordingly, fruits may be classified into Simple, those which result from the ripening of a single pistil, and con- sist only of the matured ovary, either by itself, as in a cherry, or with calyx-tube completely incorporated with it, as in a gooseberry or cranberry. Aggregate, M-hen a cluster of carpels of the same flower are crowded into a mass; as in raspberries and blackberries. Accessory or Aiithocarpous, when the surroundings or supports of the pistil make up a part of the mass; as does the loose calyx changed into a fleshy and berry-like envelope of our Wiutergreen (Gaultheria, Fig. 366, 367) and Buffalo- berry, which are otherwise simple fruits. In an aggregate fruit such as the straw- ^^ ^^"^ berry the great mass is receptacle (Eig. 360, 368); aud in the blackberry (Fig. 369) the juicy receptacle forms the central part of the savory mass. Multiple or Collective, when formed from several flowers consolidated into one mass, of which the common receptacle or axis of inflorescence, the floral envelopes, and even the bracts, etc., make a part. A mul- berry (Fig. 408, which superficially much resembles a blackberry) is of this multiple sort. Apine- apple is another ex- ample. 349. In respect to texture or consist- ence, fruits may be distinguished into three kinds, viz.: — Fleshy Fruits, those which are more or less soft and juicy throughout;. Fia. 366. Forming fruit (capsule) of Gaultheria, with calyx thickening around its base. 367. Section of same mature, the berry-like calyx nearly entJosing the capsule. Fig. 368. Section of a part of a strawberry. Compare wi
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Keywords: ., bookpublishernewyorkamericanboo, booksubjectbotany, bookyear1887
