. The trees of America [microform] : native and foreign, pictorially and botanically delineated and scientifically and popularly described, being considered principally with reference to their geography and history, soil and situation, propagation and culture, accidents and diseases .... Trees; Arbres. Rhamnus caihariiats, THE PURGING BUCKTHORN. Synonymes. Rhamnus catharticus, Nerprun cathartique, Abfuhrender Kreuzdorn, Ramno catartico, Eamno purgativo, AVhite Thorn, Buckthorn, ' LiNN^Ds, Species Plantarum. De Candolle, Prodromus. Don, Miller's Dictionary. Loudon, Arboretum Britannicum. , ToRR


. The trees of America [microform] : native and foreign, pictorially and botanically delineated and scientifically and popularly described, being considered principally with reference to their geography and history, soil and situation, propagation and culture, accidents and diseases .... Trees; Arbres. Rhamnus caihariiats, THE PURGING BUCKTHORN. Synonymes. Rhamnus catharticus, Nerprun cathartique, Abfuhrender Kreuzdorn, Ramno catartico, Eamno purgativo, AVhite Thorn, Buckthorn, ' LiNN^Ds, Species Plantarum. De Candolle, Prodromus. Don, Miller's Dictionary. Loudon, Arboretum Britannicum. , ToRREY AND Gray, Floia of North America. France. Germany. Italy. Spain. Modern Greece. Britain and Anglo-America. J^iZ'ti".Jr '^'"^" '^'' «^^^«"«'' '= "'"''"'J <â ""» ^he Greek, kathako, to purge, from the medicinal nature of tlie figfref totow^*" ^°°''''"'«' ^"'^''=^1 B°l»"y. P'- "4; London, Arboretum Britannicum, ii., figure 198, etv., pi. 70, and the Specific Characters Erecl. Leaves ovate, toothed. Flowers in fascicles, polygamo-dioecious Benies 4-seeded, rather globose.âZ)o«, Miller's Diet. Descriptioji, HE Rhamnus catharti- cus is a deciduous shrub or low tree, growing, -.â»-.â¢=-«w. â¢.>^./^â«a whenwild, toaheightof, eight or ten feet, and from twelve to fifteen feet' in a state of cultivation. It naturally partakes the character of a bush, unless it is carefully- trained to a single stem. Its branches are numerous and irregular, the young shoots of v/hich have a smooth, grayish-brown bark; but the older branches are rough and armed with short thorns. The leaves on old trees are ribbed, smooth, about an inch in length, and from half an inch to three-fourths of an inch in Avidth, and of a bright-green colour; but on young plants, or in hedges, they are often found from two inches to two inches and a half in iv3ngth, and nearly as broad


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