Richard I in the Holy Land. By Henry Justice Ford (1860-1941). Richard I (1157-1199) was King of England from 1189 until his death. Richard was a central Christian commander during the Third Crusade. The Third Crusade (1189-1192) was an attempt by the leaders of the three most powerful states of Western Christianity to reconquer the Holy Land following the capture of Jerusalem by the Ayyubid sultan, Saladin, in 1187.

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